Potential health risks to DOD firing-range personnel from recurrent lead exposure / Committee on Potential Health Risks from Recurrent Lead Exposure of DOD Firing Range Personnel, Committee on Toxicology, Board on Environmental Studies and Toxicology, Division on Earth and Life Studies, National Research Council of the National Academies

Published: Washington, D.C. : National Academies Press, [2013]
Physical Description: xix, 178 pages : color illustrations ; 23 cm
Additional Creators: National Research Council (U.S.). Committee on Potential Health Risks from Recurrent Lead Exposure of DOD Firing Range Personnel and National Research Council (U.S.). Committee on Toxicology

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Contents

Machine generated contents note: 1.INTRODUCTION -- The Committee's Task -- Approach to the Study -- Firing-Range Environments -- Department of Defense Firing-Range Personnel -- Lead Exposure on Department of Defense Firing Ranges -- Organization of the Report -- References -- 2.OCCUPATIONAL STANDARDS AND GUIDELINES FOR LEAD -- US Standards and Guidelines -- Guidelines of Other Countries -- Exposure-Assessment Methods -- Additional Considerations -- References -- 3.TOXICOKINETICS OF LEAD -- How Exposure Becomes Dose -- Toxicokinetic Considerations -- Measuring Internal Lead Dose -- Dose-Response Considerations -- Pharmacokinetic Models for Lead -- Lead Dose and Health -- References -- 4.NONCANCER HEALTH EFFECTS -- Environmental Protection Agency and National Toxicology Program Assessments -- Neurologic Effects -- Hematopoietic Effects -- Renal Effects -- Reproductive and Developmental Effects -- Immunologic Effects -- Cardiovascular Effects -- References -- 5.CANCER EFFECTS -- Conclusions from the 2006 International Agency for Research on Cancer, 2011 National Toxicology Program, and 2012 Environmental Protection Agency Reports -- Other Studies Considered -- Summary Findings -- References -- 6.CONCLUSIONS -- Are Occupational Safety and Health Guidelines for Blood Lead Levels Adequate to Protect Department of Defense Firing-Range Personnel? -- Is the Current Occupational Safety and Health Administration Permissible Exposure Limit Adequately Protective of Department of Defense Firing-Range Personnel? -- Is the Current Occupational Safety and Health Administration Action Level for Medical Surveillance Appropriate? -- Were Data Gaps Identified in Answering the Questions Above? Is Research Needed to Fill Those Gaps? -- Potential Risk-Assessment Options -- Additional Considerations -- References -- APPENDIX BIOGRAPHIC INFORMATION ON THE COMMITTEE ON POTENTIAL HEALTH RISKS FROM RECURRENT LEAD EXPOSURE OF DOD FIRING RANGE PERSONNEL -- FIGURES AND TABLES -- FIGURES -- 3-1.Compartmental model for lead (modified from O'Flaherty 1993) -- 3-2.Schematic of a hypothetical worker's dose over time -- 3-3.Time-dependent relationship between BLL and air lead concentration as estimated with the CPA model used by OSHA to develop the permissible exposure level -- 4-1.The biosynthetic pathway of heme -- TABLES -- 1-1.Airborne Lead Concentration During Performance of Different Job Duties on US Army Weapons and Small-Arms Firing Ranges -- 1-2.Airborne Lead Concentration (μg/m3) During Performance of Different Job Duties on US Navy Weapons and Small-arms Firing Ranges -- 1-3.Lead Exposure on US Air Force Firing Ranges (2007-2012)---Air Lead Concentrations on Weapons and Small-Arms Firing Ranges and Blood Lead Levels of Combat-Arms Training and Maintenance Instructors -- 1-4.Air and Blood Lead Concentrations Measured on Indoor and Outdoor Firing Ranges -- 2-1.Occupational-Exposure Guidelines for Lead -- 3-1.Assumptions Used by Occupational Safety and Health Administration for Center for Policy Alternatives Model and Committee's Evaluation -- 4-1.Key Studies of the Effects of Lead on Neurologic Outcomes -- 4-2.Key Studies of the Hematopoietic Effects of Lead -- 4-3.Key Studies of the Renal Effects of Lead -- 4-4.Key Studies of the Male Reproductive Effects of Lead -- 4-5.Key Studies of the Female Reproductive Effects of Lead -- 4-6.Key Studies of the Immunologic Effects of Lead -- 4-7.Key Studies of the Effects of Lead on Cardiovascular Disease -- 5-1.Key Human Studies of the Carcinogenic Effects of Lead.

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9780309267366
0309267366

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Includes bibliographical references.

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