Internet freedom & political space / Olesya Tkacheva, Lowell H. Schwartz, Martin C. Libicki, Julie E. Taylor, Jeffrey Martini, Caroline Baxter
- Author
- Tkacheva, Olesya
- Additional Titles
- Internet freedom and political space
- Published
- Santa Monica, CA : RAND National Defense Research Institute, [2013]
- Physical Description
- xxiv, 261 pages : illustrations ; 23 cm
- Contents
- Machine generated contents note: ch. One Introduction: The Autocratic Challenge and Internet Freedom -- Political Space and the Internet -- Styles of Repression -- Introduction to Internet Freedom Programs -- Organization of the Report -- ch. Two The Internet and Political Process in Different Regimes -- Is the Internet Transforming Politics? Where and How? -- Cyberactivism in Democratic and Nondemocratic Regimes -- How and Where Can Internet Freedom (Technologies) Transform Political Space? -- Political Communication and Social Mobilization -- Internet Freedom and Framing Process -- Key Actors in Cyberspace -- Bloggers, Netizens, and Political Space -- Web 2.0 Users and Political Space -- Online Activists and Political Space -- Internet Freedom and the Modes of Transformation of Political Space -- Conclusion -- ch. Three Cyberactivists, Social Media, and the Anti-Mubarak Protests in Egypt -- Social Media's Significance: The Debate -- Cyberenthusiasts -- Cyber-Killjoys -- How Social Media Bridged Egypt's Mobilization Gaps -- Social Media Was the Opposition's Only Tool for Reaching and Mobilizing a Mass Base -- No Other Opposition Force Would Confront the State with Mass Action -- Military Considered Defection Only After Demonstrations Grew and It Was Forced to Either Shoot or Remove Mubarak -- Conclusion: What This Means for the Study of Social Media -- ch. Four Internet Freedom and Political Change in Syria -- Internet Usage by the Numbers -- Internet Censorship -- Use of the Internet in the Syrian Uprising -- Circumvention Technologies During the Protests -- Regime Adaptation -- External Dimensions -- How Internet Freedom Affected Political Change in Syria -- ch. Five The Internet in China: Threatened Tool of Expression and Mobilization -- Netizens and Authorities in Cyberspace -- Censorship and Circumvention Methods -- Online Activists and Authorities in Political Space -- Online Mobilization and Policy Outcomes -- Wenzhou Train Crash -- Dalian Chemical Plant -- Internet and Popular Mobilization in Rural Areas -- Ethnic Riots and the Internet -- Internet Freedom Technologies: Tools for the Motivated Elites or Mass-Use Technologies? -- ch. Six Fighting Electoral Fraud in the 2011 Russian Election with Internet and Social Media -- Critical Information and Postelection Protests -- RuNet: Russian Internet -- Russian Authorities and Cyberactivists -- Golos and Online Election Fraud Reporting -- Golos and Citizens' Whistle-Blowing -- Electoral Fraud, Social Media, and Post-Election Protests -- Social Media and Voter Mobilization -- Conclusion -- ch. Seven Information Freedom During the Cold Wars The Impact of Western Radio Broadcasts -- Short-Term and Long-Term Objectives of RFE/RL -- Measuring the Size of RFE/RL Audiences and Determining Its Effectiveness -- The Role of RFE/RL in Social Unrest -- Learning from the Cold War Experience: Lessons and Analysis from Communist Archives for Promoting Internet Freedom -- What Impact Did U.S. Policymakers Hope to Achieve Through Their Efforts to Improve Communist Citizens' Access to Outside Information? -- How Could RFE/RL Safely Assist Opposition Figures and Parties to the Communist Regime? How Did this Assistance Affect the Political Space? -- What Did Communist Authorities Hope to Achieve Through Jamming Western Radio Broadcasts? How Did Western Broadcasters Attempt to Overcome Jamming? Did Jamming Alter the Impact of Western Radio Broadcasts? -- Who Was the Target Audience for Western Short-Wave Broadcasts? How Confrontational Toward Communist Authorities Should the Broadcasts Be? -- How Did U.S. Policymakers Measure Success in the Medium and Long Term of Western Radio Broadcasts? -- ch. Eight Internet Freedom: Measure and Countermeasure -- The Struggle for Internet Freedom: A Multiplayer Strategic Competition -- Countermeasures and Counter-Countermeasures -- No or Expensive Internet -- Halal Internet -- Site and Content Blocking -- Green Dam -- Pwning Dissident Computers -- Finding and Targeting Dissidents Through Their Internet Use -- DDOS Attacks -- 50-Cent Party -- Exceptional Violence -- Greater Surveillance of Mobile Communication -- The Future Architecture of the Internet -- ch. Nine Key Findings and Policy Implications for Internet Freedom Programs' Design -- Summary of Case Studies: The Relationship Between Internet Freedom and Political Space -- Impact of Opportunity Structures on the Outcomes of Online Mobilization -- Implications for the Design and Implementation of Internet Freedom Programs -- Leveraging Internet Freedom Programs: Maximizing Their Impact and Understanding Their Limitations -- APPENDIX -- Electoral Fraud Variable and Summary Statistics for the Russia Case Study.
- Subject(s)
- ISBN
- 9780833080639 (pbk. : alk. paper)
0833080636 (pbk. : alk. paper) - Note
- "Prepared for the U.S. Department of State"
"RR-295-DOS"--Page 4 of cover. - Bibliography Note
- Includes bibliographical references (pages 231-261).
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