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Medicinal plant research in Africa [electronic resource] : pharmacology and chemistry / edited by Victor Kuete

Published:
London : Elsevier Ltd., 2013.
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1 online resource (xxv, 890 pages) : illustrations
Additional Creators:
Kuete, Victor
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Contents:
Machine generated contents note: 1.1.Introduction / Michel Kenne Tchimene / Victor Kuete / Maurice Mmaduakolam Iwu / Christopher O. Okunji -- 1.2.Biosynthesis and Structural Diversity / Michel Kenne Tchimene / Victor Kuete / Maurice Mmaduakolam Iwu / Christopher O. Okunji -- 1.2.1.Biosynthetic Pathways / Michel Kenne Tchimene / Victor Kuete / Maurice Mmaduakolam Iwu / Christopher O. Okunji -- 1.3.Monoterpenes Isolated from African Medicinal Plants and Their Pharmacological Activities / Michel Kenne Tchimene / Victor Kuete / Maurice Mmaduakolam Iwu / Christopher O. Okunji -- 1.4.New Monoterpenes Isolated in African Medicinal Plants / Michel Kenne Tchimene / Victor Kuete / Maurice Mmaduakolam Iwu / Christopher O. Okunji -- 1.5.Other Monoterpenes in African Medicinal Plants / Michel Kenne Tchimene / Victor Kuete / Maurice Mmaduakolam Iwu / Christopher O. Okunji -- 1.6.Conclusion / Michel Kenne Tchimene / Victor Kuete / Maurice Mmaduakolam Iwu / Christopher O. Okunji -- References / Michel Kenne Tchimene / Victor Kuete / Maurice Mmaduakolam Iwu / Christopher O. Okunji -- 2.1.Introduction / Maurice D. Awouafack / Victor Kuete and Jacobus N. Eloff / Pierre Tane -- 2.1.1.Detection of Sesquiterpenes in Plant Extracts / Maurice D. Awouafack / Victor Kuete and Jacobus N. Eloff / Pierre Tane -- 2.1.2.Basic Skeletons and Nomenclature of Sesquiterpenes / Maurice D. Awouafack / Victor Kuete and Jacobus N. Eloff / Pierre Tane -- 2.1.3.Known Pharmacological Activities of Sesquiterpenes / Pierre Tane / Maurice D. Awouafack / Victor Kuete and Jacobus N. Eloff -- 2.2.Biosynthesis and Structural Diversity / Maurice D. Awouafack / Victor Kuete and Jacobus N. Eloff / Pierre Tane -- 2.3.Pharmacological Activities of Sesquiterpenes Isolated from African Medicinal Plants / Maurice D. Awouafack / Victor Kuete and Jacobus N. Eloff / Pierre Tane -- 2.3.1.Antimicrobial Activity of Sesquiterpenes Identified in African Medicinal Plants / Maurice D. Awouafack / Victor Kuete and Jacobus N. Eloff / Pierre Tane -- 2.3.2.Antiplasmodial Activity and Cytotoxicity of Sesquiterpenes Identified in African Medicinal Plants / Maurice D. Awouafack / Victor Kuete and Jacobus N. Eloff / Pierre Tane -- 2.3.3.Other Activities of Sesquiterpenes Isolated from African Medicinal Plants / Maurice D. Awouafack / Victor Kuete and Jacobus N. Eloff / Pierre Tane -- 2.4.New Sesquiterpenes Isolated from Medicinal Plants of Africa / Maurice D. Awouafack / Victor Kuete and Jacobus N. Eloff / Pierre Tane -- 2.5.Other Sesquiterpenes in Medicinal Plants of Africa / Maurice D. Awouafack / Victor Kuete and Jacobus N. Eloff / Pierre Tane -- 2.6.Conclusion / Maurice D. Awouafack / Victor Kuete and Jacobus N. Eloff / Pierre Tane -- References / Maurice D. Awouafack / Victor Kuete and Jacobus N. Eloff / Pierre Tane -- 3.1.Introduction / Victor Kuete / Louis Pergaud Sandjo -- 3.2.Biosynthesis and Structural Diversity / Victor Kuete / Louis Pergaud Sandjo -- 3.3.Nomenclature and Identification of Diterpenoids / Victor Kuete / Louis Pergaud Sandjo -- 3.3.1.Nomenclature of Diterpenoids / Victor Kuete / Louis Pergaud Sandjo -- 3.3.2.Identification of Diterpenoids / Victor Kuete / Louis Pergaud Sandjo -- 3.4.Pharmacological Activities of Diterpenoids Isolated from African Medicinal Plants / Victor Kuete / Louis Pergaud Sandjo -- 3.4.1.Structural Diversities of Diterpenoids Isolated from African Medicinal Plants / Victor Kuete / Louis Pergaud Sandjo -- 3.4.2.Antimicrobial Activities of Diterpenes Identified in African Medicinal Plants / Victor Kuete / Louis Pergaud Sandjo -- 3.4.3.Cytotoxicity of Diterpenes Identified in African Medicinal Plants / Victor Kuete / Louis Pergaud Sandjo -- 3.4.4.Other Diterpenoids from African Medicinal Plants / Victor Kuete / Louis Pergaud Sandjo -- 3.5.Conclusions / Victor Kuete / Louis Pergaud Sandjo -- References / Victor Kuete / Louis Pergaud Sandjo -- 4.1.Introduction / Victor Kuete / Louis Pergaud Sandjo -- 4.2.Biosynthesis and Structural Diversity / Victor Kuete / Louis Pergaud Sandjo -- 4.3.Phytochemical Detection of Triterpenoids and NMR Identification / Victor Kuete / Louis Pergaud Sandjo -- 4.3.1.Phytochemical Identification / Victor Kuete / Louis Pergaud Sandjo -- 4.3.2.NMR Identification / Victor Kuete / Louis Pergaud Sandjo -- 4.4.Nomenclature of Triterpenoids / Louis Pergaud Sandjo / Victor Kuete -- 4.5.New Triterpenoids Isolated from African Medicinal Plants / Victor Kuete / Louis Pergaud Sandjo -- 4.5.1.Triterpenes Isolated from African Medicinal Plants / Victor Kuete / Louis Pergaud Sandjo -- 4.5.2.New Limonoids and Quassinoids Obtained from African Medicinal Plants / Victor Kuete / Louis Pergaud Sandjo -- 4.5.3.New Steroids Isolated from African Medicinal Plants / Victor Kuete / Louis Pergaud Sandjo -- 4.5.4.New Saponins Isolated from African Medicinal plants / Victor Kuete / Louis Pergaud Sandjo -- 4.6.Triterpene and Steroids Isolated from African Medicinal Plants and Their Pharmacological Activities / Victor Kuete / Louis Pergaud Sandjo -- 4.7.Other Triterpenoids from African Medicinal Plants / Victor Kuete / Louis Pergaud Sandjo -- 4.8.Conclusions / Victor Kuete / Louis Pergaud Sandjo -- References / Victor Kuete / Louis Pergaud Sandjo -- 5.1.Introduction / Isiaka A. Ogunwande / Oladipupo A. Lawal -- 5.2.Classification of Essential Oils / Isiaka A. Ogunwande / Oladipupo A. Lawal -- 5.3.Chemical Composition of Essential Oils / Isiaka A. Ogunwande / Oladipupo A. Lawal -- 5.4.Biological Activity of Essential Oils from African Medicinal Plants / Isiaka A. Ogunwande / Oladipupo A. Lawal -- 5.4.1.Antimicrobial Activity / Isiaka A. Ogunwande / Oladipupo A. Lawal -- 5.4.2.Antioxidant Activity / Isiaka A. Ogunwande / Oladipupo A. Lawal -- 5.4.3.Cytotoxicity / Isiaka A. Ogunwande / Oladipupo A. Lawal -- 5.4.4.Larvicidal Activity / Isiaka A. Ogunwande / Oladipupo A. Lawal -- 5.5.Conclusion / Isiaka A. Ogunwande / Oladipupo A. Lawal -- References / Isiaka A. Ogunwande / Oladipupo A. Lawal -- 6.1.Introduction / Guy B. Kousan / Robert Verpoorte / Victor Kuete / Turibio Tabopda -- 6.2.Biosynthesis of Phenolic Compounds and Structural Diversity / Guy B. Kousan / Robert Verpoorte / Victor Kuete / Turibio Tabopda -- 6.2.1.Shikimic Acid Pathway / Guy B. Kousan / Robert Verpoorte / Victor Kuete / Turibio Tabopda -- 6.2.2.The Phenylpropanoid Pathway / Guy B. Kousan / Turibio Tabopda / Victor Kuete / Robert Verpoorte -- 6.3.Simple Phenols, Phenolic Acids, and Related Ethers Isolated from African Medicinal Plants and Their Pharmacological Activities / Guy B. Kousan / Robert Verpoorte / Victor Kuete / Turibio Tabopda -- 6.3.1.Simple Phenols and Related Compounds / Guy B. Kousan / Robert Verpoorte / Victor Kuete / Turibio Tabopda -- 6.3.2.Phenolic Acids, Phenylacetic Acids, and Phenolic Aldehydes / Turibio Tabopda / Guy B. Kousan / Robert Verpoorte / Victor Kuete -- 6.3.3.Acetophenones, Benzophenones and Their Derivatives / Guy B. Kousan / Robert Verpoorte / Victor Kuete / Turibio Tabopda -- 6.4.New Simple Phenols, Phenolic Acids, and Related Ethers Isolated in African Medicinal Plants / Guy B. Kousan / Robert Verpoorte / Victor Kuete / Turibio Tabopda -- 6.5.Other Simple Phenols, Phenolic Acids, and Related Ethers in African Medicinal Plants / Guy B. Kousan / Robert Verpoorte / Victor Kuete / Turibio Tabopda -- 6.6.Conclusions / Guy B. Kousan / Robert Verpoorte / Victor Kuete / Turibio Tabopda -- References / Guy B. Kousan / Robert Verpoorte / Victor Kuete / Turibio Tabopda -- 7.1.Introduction / Victor Kuete -- 7.2.Biosynthesis of Phenylpropanoids and Structural Diversity / Victor Kuete -- 7.3.Phenylpropanoids Isolated from African Medicinal Plants and Their Pharmacological Activity / Victor Kuete -- 7.3.1.Antimicrobial Activities of Phenylpropanoids and Phenylethanoids Identified in African Medicinal Plants / Victor Kuete -- 7.3.2.Other Activities of Phenylpropanoids Identified in African Medicinal Plants / Victor Kuete -- 7.4.New Phenylpropanoids Isolated in African Medicinal Plants / Victor Kuete -- 7.5.Conclusion / Victor Kuete -- References / Victor Kuete -- 8.1.Introduction / Hervé Martial Poumale Poumale / Rebecca Hamm / Victor Kuete / Yoshihito Shiono / Yanqing Zang -- 8.2.Biosynthesis and Structural Diversity / Hervé Martial Poumale Poumale / Rebecca Hamm / Victor Kuete / Yoshihito Shiono / Yanqing Zang -- 8.3.Detection of Coumarin in Plant Extracts / Hervé Martial Poumale Poumale / Rebecca Hamm / Victor Kuete / Yoshihito Shiono / Yanqing Zang -- 8.4.Pharmacological Activity of Coumarins Isolated from African Medicinal Plants / Hervé Martial Poumale Poumale / Rebecca Hamm / Victor Kuete / Yoshihito Shiono / Yanqing Zang -- 8.4.1.Antimicrobial Coumarins Isolated from African Medicinal Plants / Hervé Martial Poumale Poumale / Rebecca Hamm / Victor Kuete / Yoshihito Shiono / Yanqing Zang -- 8.4.2.Antiinflammatory Coumarins from African Medicinal Plants / Hervé Martial Poumale Poumale / Rebecca Hamm / Victor Kuete / Yoshihito Shiono / Yanqing Zang -- 8.4.3.Cytotoxic Coumarins Identified from African Medicinal Plants / Yoshihito Shiono / Victor Kuete / Yanqing Zang / Rebecca Hamm / Hervé Martial Poumale Poumale -- 8.4.4.Enzyme Inhibitory Coumarins Isolated from African Medicinal Plants / Hervé Martial Poumale Poumale / Rebecca Hamm / Victor Kuete / Yoshihito Shiono / Yanqing Zang -- 8.4.5.Antioxidant Coumarins Identified in African Medicinal Plants / Hervé Martial Poumale Poumale / Rebecca Hamm / Victor Kuete / Yoshihito Shiono / Yanqing Zang -- 8.4.6.Other Activities Associated with Coumarins Identified in African Medicinal Plants / Hervé Martial Poumale Poumale / Rebecca Hamm / Victor Kuete / Yoshihito Shiono / Yanqing Zang -- 8.5.New Coumarins Isolated in African Medicinal Plants / Hervé Martial Poumale Poumale / Rebecca Hamm / Yanqing Zang / Yoshihito Shiono / Victor Kuete -- 8.6.Other Coumarins in African Medicinal Plants / Hervé Martial Poumale Poumale / Rebecca Hamm / Yanqing Zang / Yoshihito Shiono / Victor Kuete -, Contents note continued: 8.7.Coumarin-Related Compounds from African Medicinal Plants / Hervé Martial Poumale Poumale / Rebecca Hamm / Yanqing Zang / Yoshihito Shiono / Victor Kuete -- 8.8.Conclusion / Hervé Martial Poumale Poumale / Rebecca Hamm / Yanqing Zang / Yoshihito Shiono / Victor Kuete -- References / Hervé Martial Poumale Poumale / Rebecca Hamm / Yanqing Zang / Yoshihito Shiono / Victor Kuete -- 9.1.Introduction / Bathelemy Ngameni / Ghislain W. Fotso / Justin Kamga / Pantaleon Ambassa / Tchoukoua Abdou / Aimé G. Fankam / Igor K. Voukeng / Bonaventure T. Ngadjui / Berhanu M. Abegaz / Victor Kuete -- 9.2.Biosynthesis and Structural Diversity / Bonaventure T. Ngadjui / Berhanu M. Abegaz / Victor Kuete / Bathelemy Ngameni / Ghislain W. Fotso / Justin Kamga / Pantaleon Ambassa / Tchoukoua Abdou / Aimé G. Fankam / Igor K. Voukeng -- 9.3.Characterization of Flavonoids in Plant Extracts / Bathelemy Ngameni / Ghislain W. Fotso / Justin Kamga / Pantaleon Ambassa / Tchoukoua Abdou / Aimé G. Fankam / Igor K. Voukeng / Bonaventure T. Ngadjui / Berhanu M. Abegaz / Victor Kuete -- 9.3.1.Ferric Chloride Test / Bathelemy Ngameni / Ghislain W. Fotso / Justin Kamga / Pantaleon Ambassa / Tchoukoua Abdou / Aimé G. Fankam / Igor K. Voukeng / Bonaventure T. Ngadjui / Berhanu M. Abegaz / Victor Kuete -- 9.3.2.Shinoda's Test / Bathelemy Ngameni / Ghislain W. Fotso / Justin Kamga / Pantaleon Ambassa / Tchoukoua Abdou / Aimé G. Fankam / Igor K. Voukeng / Bonaventure T. Ngadjui / Berhanu M. Abegaz / Victor Kuete -- 9.3.3.Sodium Hydroxide Test / Bathelemy Ngameni / Ghislain W. Fotso / Justin Kamga / Pantaleon Ambassa / Tchoukoua Abdou / Aimé G. Fankam / Igor K. Voukeng / Bonaventure T. Ngadjui / Berhanu M. Abegaz / Victor Kuete -- 9.3.4.Quantification / Bathelemy Ngameni / Ghislain W. Fotso / Justin Kamga / Pantaleon Ambassa / Tchoukoua Abdou / Aimé G. Fankam / Igor K. Voukeng / Bonaventure T. Ngadjui / Berhanu M. Abegaz / Victor Kuete -- 9.3.5.Test for Flavonoid Glycosides / Bathelemy Ngameni / Ghislain W. Fotso / Justin Kamga / Pantaleon Ambassa / Tchoukoua Abdou / Aimé G. Fankam / Igor K. Voukeng / Bonaventure T. Ngadjui / Berhanu M. Abegaz / Victor Kuete -- 9.4.Pharmacological Activities of Flavonoids and Related Compounds Isolated from African Medicinal Plants / Ghislain W. Fotso / Justin Kamga / Pantaleon Ambassa / Tchoukoua Abdou / Aimé G. Fankam / Igor K. Voukeng / Bonaventure T. Ngadjui / Berhanu M. Abegaz / Victor Kuete / Bathelemy Ngameni -- 9.4.1.Antimicrobial Flavonoids Isolated from African Medicinal Plants / Bathelemy Ngameni / Ghislain W. Fotso / Justin Kamga / Pantaleon Ambassa / Tchoukoua Abdou / Aimé G. Fankam / Igor K. Voukeng / Bonaventure T. Ngadjui / Berhanu M. Abegaz / Victor Kuete -- 9.4.2.Cytotoxicity of Flavonoids Isolated from African Medicinal Plants / Bathelemy Ngameni / Ghislain W. Fotso / Justin Kamga / Pantaleon Ambassa / Tchoukoua Abdou / Aimé G. Fankam / Igor K. Voukeng / Bonaventure T. Ngadjui / Berhanu M. Abegaz / Victor Kuete -- 9.4.3.Anti-Inflammatory Flavonoids Identified in African Medicinal Plants / Bathelemy Ngameni / Ghislain W. Fotso / Justin Kamga / Pantaleon Ambassa / Tchoukoua Abdou / Aimé G. Fankam / Igor K. Voukeng / Bonaventure T. Ngadjui / Berhanu M. Abegaz / Victor Kuete -- 9.4.4.Antidiabetes Flavonoids Isolated in African Medicinal Plants / Bathelemy Ngameni / Ghislain W. Fotso / Justin Kamga / Pantaleon Ambassa / Tchoukoua Abdou / Aimé G. Fankam / Igor K. Voukeng / Bonaventure T. Ngadjui / Berhanu M. Abegaz / Victor Kuete -- 9.4.5.Antioxidant Flavonoids Isolated from African Medicinal Plants / Bathelemy Ngameni / Ghislain W. Fotso / Justin Kamga / Pantaleon Ambassa / Tchoukoua Abdou / Aimé G. Fankam / Igor K. Voukeng / Bonaventure T. Ngadjui / Berhanu M. Abegaz / Victor Kuete -- 9.4.6.Other Activities / Aimé G. Fankam / Igor K. Voukeng / Bonaventure T. Ngadjui / Berhanu M. Abegaz / Victor Kuete / Bathelemy Ngameni / Ghislain W. Fotso / Justin Kamga / Pantaleon Ambassa / Tchoukoua Abdou -- 9.5.Flavonoids and Related Compounds Newly Identified in African Medicinal Plants / Bathelemy Ngameni / Ghislain W. Fotso / Justin Kamga / Pantaleon Ambassa / Tchoukoua Abdou / Aimé G. Fankam / Igor K. Voukeng / Bonaventure T. Ngadjui / Berhanu M. Abegaz / Victor Kuete -- 9.6.Conclusions / Bathelemy Ngameni / Ghislain W. Fotso / Justin Kamga / Pantaleon Ambassa / Tchoukoua Abdou / Aimé G. Fankam / Igor K. Voukeng / Bonaventure T. Ngadjui / Berhanu M. Abegaz / Victor Kuete -- References / Bathelemy Ngameni / Ghislain W. Fotso / Justin Kamga / Pantaleon Ambassa / Tchoukoua Abdou / Aimé G. Fankam / Igor K. Voukeng / Bonaventure T. Ngadjui / Berhanu M. Abegaz / Victor Kuete -- 10.1.Introduction / Kenneth O. Eyong / Victor Kuete / Thomas Efferth -- 10.2.Biosynthesis and Structural Diversity / Kenneth O. Eyong / Victor Kuete / Thomas Efferth -- 10.2.1.Biosynthesis of Quinones / Kenneth O. Eyong / Victor Kuete / Thomas Efferth -- 10.2.2.Biosynthesis of Benzophenones / Kenneth O. Eyong / Victor Kuete / Thomas Efferth -- 10.3.Quinones and Benzophenones Isolated from African Medicinal Plants / Kenneth O. Eyong / Victor Kuete / Thomas Efferth -- 10.3.1.Naphthoquinones / Kenneth O. Eyong / Victor Kuete / Thomas Efferth -- 10.3.2.Benzoquinones / Kenneth O. Eyong / Victor Kuete / Thomas Efferth -- 10.3.3.Anthraquinones / Kenneth O. Eyong / Victor Kuete / Thomas Efferth -- 10.4.Benzophenones Identified in African Medicinal Plants / Kenneth O. Eyong / Victor Kuete / Thomas Efferth -- 10.4.1.Pharmacological Activity of Quinones Identified in African Medicinal Plants / Thomas Efferth / Kenneth O. Eyong / Victor Kuete -- 10.5.Structural Elucidation of Quinones / Kenneth O. Eyong / Victor Kuete / Thomas Efferth -- 10.5.1.Chemical Methods / Kenneth O. Eyong / Victor Kuete / Thomas Efferth -- 10.5.2.Color Reactions / Kenneth O. Eyong / Victor Kuete / Thomas Efferth -- 10.5.3.Spectroscopic Methods / Kenneth O. Eyong / Victor Kuete / Thomas Efferth -- 10.5.4.Degradation Reactions / Kenneth O. Eyong / Victor Kuete / Thomas Efferth -- 10.5.5.Electron Spin Resonance Spectroscopy / Kenneth O. Eyong / Victor Kuete / Thomas Efferth -- 10.6.Conclusion / Kenneth O. Eyong / Victor Kuete / Thomas Efferth -- References / Kenneth O. Eyong / Victor Kuete / Thomas Efferth -- 11.1.Introduction / Ofentse Mazimba / Frederic Nana / Victor Kuete / Girija S. Singh -- 11.2.Biosynthesis and Structural Diversity / Ofentse Mazimba / Frederic Nana / Victor Kuete / Girija S. Singh -- 11.2.1.Xanthones / Ofentse Mazimba / Frederic Nana / Victor Kuete / Girija S. Singh -- 11.2.2.Anthrones / Ofentse Mazimba / Frederic Nana / Victor Kuete / Girija S. Singh -- 11.3.Characterization of Xanthones and Anthrones in Plants / Ofentse Mazimba / Frederic Nana / Victor Kuete / Girija S. Singh -- 11.3.1.Detection of Xanthones / Ofentse Mazimba / Frederic Nana / Victor Kuete / Girija S. Singh -- 11.3.2.Detection of Anthrones / Ofentse Mazimba / Frederic Nana / Victor Kuete / Girija S. Singh -- 11.4.Xanthones Isolated from African Medicinal Plants and Their Pharmacological Activities / Ofentse Mazimba / Frederic Nana / Victor Kuete / Girija S. Singh -- 11.4.1.Antimicrobial Activities of Xanthones Identified in African Medicinal Plants / Ofentse Mazimba / Frederic Nana / Victor Kuete / Girija S. Singh -- 11.4.2.Cytotoxicity of Xanthones Identified in African Medicinal Plants / Girija S. Singh / Ofentse Mazimba / Frederic Nana / Victor Kuete -- 11.4.3.Enzymatic Inhibitory Activities of Xanthones Identified in African Medicinal Plants / Ofentse Mazimba / Frederic Nana / Victor Kuete / Girija S. Singh -- 11.4.4.Antioxidant Activities of Xanthones Identified in African Medicinal Plants / Ofentse Mazimba / Frederic Nana / Victor Kuete / Girija S. Singh -- 11.4.5.Other Biological Activities of Xanthones Identified in African Medicinal Plants / Ofentse Mazimba / Frederic Nana / Victor Kuete / Girija S. Singh -- 11.5.Pharmacological Activities of Anthrones Identified in African Medicinal Plants / Ofentse Mazimba / Frederic Nana / Victor Kuete / Girija S. Singh -- 11.6.Some Particular Aspects of New Xanthones Isolated in African Medicinal Plants / Ofentse Mazimba / Frederic Nana / Victor Kuete / Girija S. Singh -- 11.7.Other Xanthones Identified in African Medicinal Plants / Ofentse Mazimba / Frederic Nana / Victor Kuete / Girija S. Singh -- 11.8.Conclusion / Ofentse Mazimba / Frederic Nana / Victor Kuete / Girija S. Singh -- References / Ofentse Mazimba / Frederic Nana / Victor Kuete / Girija S. Singh -- 12.1.Introduction / Apollinaire Tsopmo / Francis M. Awah / Victor Kuete -- 12.1.1.Definition, Structure, and Classes of Lignans / Apollinaire Tsopmo / Francis M. Awah / Victor Kuete -- 12.1.2.Occurrence of Lignans in African Medicinal Plants / Apollinaire Tsopmo / Francis M. Awah / Victor Kuete -- 12.1.3.Lignan Subgroups / Apollinaire Tsopmo / Francis M. Awah / Victor Kuete -- 12.1.4.Occurrence of Stilbenes / Apollinaire Tsopmo / Francis M. Awah / Victor Kuete -- 12.1.5.Stilbene Subgroups / Apollinaire Tsopmo / Francis M. Awah / Victor Kuete -- 12.2.Biosynthesis of Lignans and Stilbenes / Apollinaire Tsopmo / Francis M. Awah / Victor Kuete -- 12.2.1.Biosynthesis of Lignans / Apollinaire Tsopmo / Francis M. Awah / Victor Kuete -- 12.2.2.Biosynthesis of Stilbenes / Francis M. Awah / Victor Kuete / Apollinaire Tsopmo -- 12.3.Diversity of Lignans and Stilbenes / Apollinaire Tsopmo / Victor Kuete / Francis M. Awah -- 12.3.1.Glycosylation / Apollinaire Tsopmo / Francis M. Awah / Victor Kuete -- 12.3.2.Methoxylation / Francis M. Awah / Victor Kuete / Apollinaire Tsopmo -- 12.3.3.Oligomerization / Victor Kuete / Francis M. Awah / Apollinaire Tsopmo -- 12.3.4.Enantiomeric Diversity of Lignans / Francis M. Awah / Victor Kuete / Apollinaire Tsopmo -- 12.3.5.Trans and Cis Isomers in Stilbenes / Victor Kuete / Francis M. Awah / Apollinaire Tsopmo --, Contents note continued: 12.4.Pharmacological Activity of Lignans and Stilbenes Isolated from African Medicinal Plants / Francis M. Awah / Victor Kuete / Apollinaire Tsopmo -- 12.4.1.Lignans / Victor Kuete / Francis M. Awah / Apollinaire Tsopmo -- 12.4.2.Stilbenes / Francis M. Awah / Victor Kuete / Apollinaire Tsopmo -- 12.5.New Lignans with Undefined Pharmacological Activity Isolated in African Medicinal Plants / Victor Kuete / Francis M. Awah / Apollinaire Tsopmo -- 12.6.Stilbenes from African Medicinal Plants with Undefined Pharmacological Activity / Francis M. Awah / Victor Kuete / Apollinaire Tsopmo -- 12.7.Other Lignans Identified in African Medicinal Plants / Victor Kuete / Francis M. Awah / Apollinaire Tsopmo -- Conclusion / Francis M. Awah / Victor Kuete / Apollinaire Tsopmo -- References / Francis M. Awah / Apollinaire Tsopmo / Victor Kuete -- 13.1.Introduction / Abdelaaty A. Shahat / Mohamed S. Marzouk -- 13.1.1.Definition / Abdelaaty A. Shahat / Mohamed S. Marzouk -- 13.1.2.Occurrence / Abdelaaty A. Shahat / Mohamed S. Marzouk -- 13.1.3.Classification / Abdelaaty A. Shahat / Mohamed S. Marzouk -- 13.1.4.Pharmacological Activity / Abdelaaty A. Shahat / Mohamed S. Marzouk -- 13.2.Biosynthesis and Structural Diversity / Abdelaaty A. Shahat / Mohamed S. Marzouk -- 13.2.1.Biosynthesis of HTs / Abdelaaty A. Shahat / Mohamed S. Marzouk -- 13.2.2.Biosynthetic Pathway of Procyanidins / Abdelaaty A. Shahat / Mohamed S. Marzouk -- 13.3.Pharmacological Activity of Tannins and Their Monomers Isolated from African Medicinal Plants / Abdelaaty A. Shahat / Mohamed S. Marzouk -- 13.3.1.Pharmacological Activity of HTs Isolated from African Medicinal Plants / Abdelaaty A. Shahat / Mohamed S. Marzouk -- 13.3.2.Pharmacological Activity of CTs from African Medicinal Plants / Abdelaaty A. Shahat / Mohamed S. Marzouk -- 13.4.New Tannins Isolated in African Medicinal Plants / Abdelaaty A. Shahat / Mohamed S. Marzouk -- 13.4.1.New HTs Isolated in African Medicinal Plants / Abdelaaty A. Shahat / Mohamed S. Marzouk -- 13.4.2.New CTs Isolated in African Medicinal Plants / Abdelaaty A. Shahat / Mohamed S. Marzouk -- 13.5.Other Tannins or Tannin Monomers from African Medicinal Plants / Mohamed S. Marzouk / Abdelaaty A. Shahat -- 13.5.1.Other HTs Isolated in African Medicinal Plants / Mohamed S. Marzouk / Abdelaaty A. Shahat -- 13.5.2.Other CTs Isolated in African Medicinal Plants / Mohamed S. Marzouk / Abdelaaty A. Shahat -- References / Mohamed S. Marzouk / Abdelaaty A. Shahat -- 14.1.Introduction / Jean Duplex Wansi / Victor Kuete / Emmanuel Tshikalange / Krishna Prasad Devkota -- 14.1.1.Occurrence / Jean Duplex Wansi / Victor Kuete / Emmanuel Tshikalange / Krishna Prasad Devkota -- 14.1.2.Classification and Nomenclature / Jean Duplex Wansi / Victor Kuete / Emmanuel Tshikalange / Krishna Prasad Devkota -- 14.2.Biosynthesis and Structural Diversity / Jean Duplex Wansi / Victor Kuete / Emmanuel Tshikalange / Krishna Prasad Devkota -- 14.3.Detection of Alkaloids / Jean Duplex Wansi / Victor Kuete / Emmanuel Tshikalange / Krishna Prasad Devkota -- 14.4.Pharmacological Activity of Alkaloids Isolated from African Medicinal Plants / Jean Duplex Wansi / Victor Kuete / Emmanuel Tshikalange / Krishna Prasad Devkota -- 14.4.1.Antimicrobial Activity of Alkaloids Identified in African Medicinal Plants / Jean Duplex Wansi / Victor Kuete / Emmanuel Tshikalange / Krishna Prasad Devkota -- 14.4.2.Cytotoxicity of Alkaloids Identified in African Medicinal Plants / Jean Duplex Wansi / Victor Kuete / Emmanuel Tshikalange / Krishna Prasad Devkota -- 14.4.3.Enzymatic Inhibitory Activity of Alkaloids Identified in African Medicinal Plants / Jean Duplex Wansi / Victor Kuete / Emmanuel Tshikalange / Krishna Prasad Devkota -- 14.4.4.Anti-Inflammatory Activity of Alkaloids Identified in African Medicinal Plants / Jean Duplex Wansi / Victor Kuete / Emmanuel Tshikalange / Krishna Prasad Devkota -- 14.4.5.Antioxidant Activity of Alkaloids Identified in African Medicinal Plants / Jean Duplex Wansi / Victor Kuete / Emmanuel Tshikalange / Krishna Prasad Devkota -- 14.4.6.Other Pharmacological Activities of Alkaloids Identified in African Medicinal Plants / Jean Duplex Wansi / Victor Kuete / Emmanuel Tshikalange / Krishna Prasad Devkota -- 14.5.Some Particular Aspects of New Alkaloids Isolated in African Medicinal Plants / Jean Duplex Wansi / Victor Kuete / Emmanuel Tshikalange / Krishna Prasad Devkota -- 14.6.Conclusion / Jean Duplex Wansi / Victor Kuete / Emmanuel Tshikalange / Krishna Prasad Devkota -- References / Jean Duplex Wansi / Victor Kuete / Emmanuel Tshikalange / Krishna Prasad Devkota -- 15.1.Introduction / Victor Kuete / Louis Pergaud Sandjo -- 15.2.Biosynthesis and Structural Diversity / Victor Kuete / Louis Pergaud Sandjo -- 15.3.Structure Elucidation and Nomenclature of Ceramides / Victor Kuete / Louis Pergaud Sandjo -- 15.4.Pharmacological Activity of Ceramides and Cerebrosides Isolated from African Medicinal Plants / Victor Kuete / Louis Pergaud Sandjo -- 15.5.New Ceramides and Cerebrosides Isolated in African Medicinal Plants / Victor Kuete / Louis Pergaud Sandjo -- 15.5.1.New Ceramides / Victor Kuete / Louis Pergaud Sandjo -- 15.5.2.New Cerebrosides / Victor Kuete / Louis Pergaud Sandjo -- 15.5.3.Related Compounds / Victor Kuete / Louis Pergaud Sandjo -- 15.6.Conclusions / Victor Kuete / Louis Pergaud Sandjo -- References / Victor Kuete / Louis Pergaud Sandjo -- 16.1.Introduction / Ashwell R. Ndhlala / Stephen 0. Amoo / Johannes Van Staden / Mack Moyo / Jerald J. Nair / Bheki Ncube -- 16.2.Distribution and Diversity / Ashwell R. Ndhlala / Stephen 0. Amoo / Johannes Van Staden / Mack Moyo / Jerald J. Nair / Bheki Ncube -- 16.3.Antibacterial Activity / Ashwell R. Ndhlala / Stephen 0. Amoo / Johannes Van Staden / Mack Moyo / Jerald J. Nair / Bheki Ncube -- 16.4.Antifungal Activity / Bheki Ncube / Mack Moyo / Stephen 0. Amoo / Johannes Van Staden / Ashwell R. Ndhlala / Jerald J. Nair -- 16.5.Antiviral Activity / Ashwell R. Ndhlala / Stephen 0. Amoo / Johannes Van Staden / Mack Moyo / Jerald J. Nair / Bheki Ncube -- 16.6.Concluding Remarks / Ashwell R. Ndhlala / Stephen 0. Amoo / Johannes Van Staden / Mack Moyo / Jerald J. Nair / Bheki Ncube -- Acknowledgment / Ashwell R. Ndhlala / Stephen 0. Amoo / Bheki Ncube / Mack Moyo / Jerald J. Nair / Johannes Van Staden -- References / Ashwell R. Ndhlala / Stephen 0. Amoo / Johannes Van Staden / Mack Moyo / Jerald J. Nair / Bheki Ncube -- 17.1.Introduction / Denis Zofou / Vincent P.K. Titanji / Victor Kuete -- 17.2.The Costs of Malaria and Other Protozoan Diseases to the African Population / Denis Zofou / Vincent P.K. Titanji / Victor Kuete -- 17.2.1.Malaria / Denis Zofou / Vincent P.K. Titanji / Victor Kuete -- 17.2.2.Leishmaniasis / Denis Zofou / Vincent P.K. Titanji / Victor Kuete -- 17.2.3.Human African Trypanosomiasis (HAT) / Denis Zofou / Vincent P.K. Titanji / Victor Kuete -- 17.2.4.Chagas Disease / Denis Zofou / Vincent P.K. Titanji / Victor Kuete -- 17.3.Pharmacological Activity of Medicinal Plants / Denis Zofou / Vincent P.K. Titanji / Victor Kuete -- 17.3.1.Antimalarial Activity of African Medicinal Plants / Denis Zofou / Vincent P.K. Titanji / Victor Kuete -- 17.3.2.Antileishmanial Activity of African Medicinal Plants / Denis Zofou / Vincent P.K. Titanji / Victor Kuete -- 17.3.3.Antitrypanosomial Activity of African Medicinal Plants / Denis Zofou / Vincent P.K. Titanji / Victor Kuete -- 17.3.4.Medicinal Plants with Multiactivity / Denis Zofou / Vincent P.K. Titanji / Victor Kuete -- 17.4.Antiproitozoal Herbal Medicine from African Medicinal Plants: Clinical Safety and Efficacy Research / Denis Zofou / Vincent P.K. Titanji / Victor Kuete -- 17.5.The Way Forward / Denis Zofou / Vincent P.K. Titanji / Victor Kuete -- 17.6.Conclusion / Denis Zofou / Vincent P.K. Titanji / Victor Kuete -- References / Denis Zofou / Vincent P.K. Titanji / Victor Kuete -- 18.1.Introduction / Victor Kuete / Thomas Efferth / Katrin Viertel -- 18.2.Cancer Concern in Africa / Victor Kuete / Thomas Efferth / Katrin Viertel -- 18.3.Cytotoxicity of African Medicinal Plants / Victor Kuete / Thomas Efferth / Katrin Viertel -- 18.3.1.Anacardiaceae / Victor Kuete / Thomas Efferth / Katrin Viertel -- 18.3.2.Annonaceae / Victor Kuete / Thomas Efferth / Katrin Viertel -- 18.3.3.Asteraceae / Victor Kuete / Thomas Efferth / Katrin Viertel -- 18.3.4.Bignoniaceae / Victor Kuete / Thomas Efferth / Katrin Viertel -- 18.3.5.Celastraceae / Victor Kuete / Thomas Efferth / Katrin Viertel -- 18.3.6.Compositae / Victor Kuete / Thomas Efferth / Katrin Viertel -- 18.3.7.Cupressaceae / Victor Kuete / Thomas Efferth / Katrin Viertel -- 18.3.8.Euphorbiaceae / Victor Kuete / Thomas Efferth / Katrin Viertel -- 18.3.9.Fabaceae/Leguminosae / Victor Kuete / Thomas Efferth / Katrin Viertel -- 18.3.10.Gramineae/Poaceae / Victor Kuete / Thomas Efferth / Katrin Viertel -- 18.3.11.Guttiferae/Clusiaceae / Victor Kuete / Thomas Efferth / Katrin Viertel -- 18.3.12.Melianthaceae / Victor Kuete / Thomas Efferth / Katrin Viertel -- 18.3.13.Lamiaceae / Victor Kuete / Thomas Efferth / Katrin Viertel -- 18.3.14.Moraceae / Victor Kuete / Thomas Efferth / Katrin Viertel -- 18.3.15.Polygonaceae / Victor Kuete / Thomas Efferth / Katrin Viertel -- 18.3.16.Piperaceae / Katrin Viertel / Victor Kuete / Thomas Efferth -- 18.3.17.Salicaceae / Victor Kuete / Thomas Efferth / Katrin Viertel -- 18.3.18.Umbelliferae/Apiaceae / Victor Kuete / Thomas Efferth / Katrin Viertel -- 18.3.19.Zinziberaceae / Victor Kuete / Thomas Efferth / Katrin Viertel -- 18.4.Mechanistic Studies with Cytotoxic Natural Products of African Medicinal Plants / Victor Kuete / Thomas Efferth / Katrin Viertel -- 18.5.Conclusions / Victor Kuete / Thomas Efferth / Katrin Viertel -- References / Victor Kuete / Thomas Efferth / Katrin Viertel -- 19.1.Introduction / Christian Agyare / Newman Osafo / Yaw Duah Boakye / David Darko Obiri --, Contents note continued: 19.2.Medicinal Plants with Anti-Inflammatory and Analgesic Activities / Christian Agyare / Newman Osafo / Yaw Duah Boakye / David Darko Obiri -- 19.2.1.Alliaceae / Christian Agyare / Newman Osafo / Yaw Duah Boakye / David Darko Obiri -- 19.2.2.Aloaceae or Liliaceae / Christian Agyare / Newman Osafo / Yaw Duah Boakye / David Darko Obiri -- 19.2.3.Amaryllidaceae / Christian Agyare / Newman Osafo / Yaw Duah Boakye / David Darko Obiri -- 19.2.4.Apiaceae / Christian Agyare / Newman Osafo / Yaw Duah Boakye / David Darko Obiri -- 19.2.5.Apocynaceae / Christian Agyare / Newman Osafo / Yaw Duah Boakye / David Darko Obiri -- 19.2.6.Araceae / Christian Agyare / Newman Osafo / Yaw Duah Boakye / David Darko Obiri -- 19.2.7.Araliaceae / Christian Agyare / Newman Osafo / Yaw Duah Boakye / David Darko Obiri -- 19.2.8.Asparagaceae / Christian Agyare / Newman Osafo / Yaw Duah Boakye / David Darko Obiri -- 19.2.9.Asteraceae / Christian Agyare / Newman Osafo / Yaw Duah Boakye / David Darko Obiri -- 19.2.10.Bignoniaceae / Christian Agyare / Newman Osafo / Yaw Duah Boakye / David Darko Obiri -- 19.2.11.Caryophyllaceae / Christian Agyare / Newman Osafo / Yaw Duah Boakye / David Darko Obiri -- 19.2.12.Celastraceae / Christian Agyare / Newman Osafo / Yaw Duah Boakye / David Darko Obiri -- 19.2.13.Crassulaceae / Christian Agyare / Newman Osafo / Yaw Duah Boakye / David Darko Obiri -- 19.2.14.Euphorbiaceae / Christian Agyare / Newman Osafo / Yaw Duah Boakye / David Darko Obiri -- 19.2.15.Fabaceae / Christian Agyare / David Darko Obiri / Yaw Duah Boakye / Newman Osafo -- 19.2.16.Lamiaceae / Christian Agyare / Newman Osafo / Yaw Duah Boakye / David Darko Obiri -- 19.2.17.Malvaceae / Christian Agyare / Newman Osafo / Yaw Duah Boakye / David Darko Obiri -- 19.2.18.Meliaceae / Christian Agyare / Newman Osafo / Yaw Duah Boakye / David Darko Obiri -- 19.2.19.Molluginaceae / Christian Agyare / Newman Osafo / Yaw Duah Boakye / David Darko Obiri -- 19.2.20.Moraceae / Christian Agyare / Newman Osafo / Yaw Duah Boakye / David Darko Obiri -- 19.2.21.Myrtaceae / Christian Agyare / Newman Osafo / Yaw Duah Boakye / David Darko Obiri -- 19.2.22.Olacaceae / Christian Agyare / Newman Osafo / Yaw Duah Boakye / David Darko Obiri -- 19.2.23.Orchidaceae / Christian Agyare / Newman Osafo / Yaw Duah Boakye / David Darko Obiri -- 19.2.24.Poaceae / Christian Agyare / Newman Osafo / Yaw Duah Boakye / David Darko Obiri -- 19.2.25.Phytolaccaceae / Christian Agyare / Newman Osafo / Yaw Duah Boakye / David Darko Obiri -- 19.2.26.Rubiaceae / Christian Agyare / Newman Osafo / Yaw Duah Boakye / David Darko Obiri -- 19.2.27.Rutaceae / Christian Agyare / Newman Osafo / Yaw Duah Boakye / David Darko Obiri -- 19.2.28.Solanaceae / David Darko Obiri / Christian Agyare / Newman Osafo / Yaw Duah Boakye -- 19.2.29.Zygophyllaceae / Christian Agyare / Newman Osafo / Yaw Duah Boakye / David Darko Obiri -- 19.2.30.Sterculiaceae / Christian Agyare / Newman Osafo / Yaw Duah Boakye / David Darko Obiri -- 19.2.31.Tiliaceae / Christian Agyare / Newman Osafo / Yaw Duah Boakye / David Darko Obiri -- 19.2.32.Vitaceae / Christian Agyare / Newman Osafo / Yaw Duah Boakye / David Darko Obiri -- 19.3.Conclusion / Christian Agyare / Newman Osafo / Yaw Duah Boakye / David Darko Obiri -- References / Christian Agyare / Newman Osafo / Yaw Duah Boakye / David Darko Obiri -- 20.1.Introduction / Roland N. Ndip / Victor Kuete / Nicoline F. Tanih -- 20.2.Diabetes Worldwide and in Africa / Roland N. Ndip / Victor Kuete / Nicoline F. Tanih -- 20.3.Pharmacological Activities of Medicinal Plants / Roland N. Ndip / Victor Kuete / Nicoline F. Tanih -- 20.3.1.Sclerocarya birrea (A. Rich.) Hochst. (Anacardiaceae) / Roland N. Ndip / Victor Kuete / Nicoline F. Tanih -- 20.3.2.Vernonia amygdalina Del. (Asteraceae) / Roland N. Ndip / Victor Kuete / Nicoline F. Tanih -- 20.3.3.Hypoxis hemerocallidea Fisch. (Hypoxidaceae) / Roland N. Ndip / Victor Kuete / Nicoline F. Tanih -- 20.3.4.Catha edulis Forrsk. ex Endl. (Celastraceae) / Roland N. Ndip / Victor Kuete / Nicoline F. Tanih -- 20.3.5.Sutherlandia frutescens Linn. (Fabaceae) / Roland N. Ndip / Victor Kuete / Nicoline F. Tanih -- 20.3.6.Catharanthus roseus (Apocynaceae) / Roland N. Ndip / Victor Kuete / Nicoline F. Tanih -- 20.3.7.Psidium guajava Linn. (Myrtaceae) / Roland N. Ndip / Victor Kuete / Nicoline F. Tanih -- 20.3.8.Ageratum conyzoides L. (Asteraceae) / Roland N. Ndip / Victor Kuete / Nicoline F. Tanih -- 20.3.9.Momordica charantia (Cucurbitaceae) / Roland N. Ndip / Victor Kuete / Nicoline F. Tanih -- 20.3.10.Mangifera indica Linn. (Anacardiaceae) / Nicoline F. Tanih / Roland N. Ndip / Victor Kuete -- 20.3.11.Persea americana Mill. (Lauraceae) / Roland N. Ndip / Victor Kuete / Nicoline F. Tanih -- 20.3.12.Potential Antidiabetes Compounds Identified in African Medicinal Plants / Roland N. Ndip / Victor Kuete / Nicoline F. Tanih -- 20.4.Conclusion / Roland N. Ndip / Victor Kuete / Nicoline F. Tanih -- References / Roland N. Ndip / Victor Kuete / Nicoline F. Tanih -- 21.1.Introduction / Mikhail Olugbemiro Nafiu / Mutiu Idowu Kazeem / Musa Oyewole Salawu -- 21.2.Sources of Antioxidants / Mikhail Olugbemiro Nafiu / Mutiu Idowu Kazeem / Musa Oyewole Salawu -- 21.3.African Medicinal Plants with Antioxidant Potential / Mikhail Olugbemiro Nafiu / Mutiu Idowu Kazeem / Musa Oyewole Salawu -- 21.3.1.Diospyros abyssinica Hiern / Mikhail Olugbemiro Nafiu / Mutiu Idowu Kazeem / Musa Oyewole Salawu -- 21.3.2.Pistacia lentiscus L. / Mikhail Olugbemiro Nafiu / Mutiu Idowu Kazeem / Musa Oyewole Salawu -- 21.3.3.Urtica dioica L. / Mikhail Olugbemiro Nafiu / Mutiu Idowu Kazeem / Musa Oyewole Salawu -- 21.3.4.Bidens pilosa Linn. / Mikhail Olugbemiro Nafiu / Mutiu Idowu Kazeem / Musa Oyewole Salawu -- 21.3.5.Momordica charantia L. / Mikhail Olugbemiro Nafiu / Mutiu Idowu Kazeem / Musa Oyewole Salawu -- 21.3.6.Dorstenia picta L. / Mikhail Olugbemiro Nafiu / Mutiu Idowu Kazeem / Musa Oyewole Salawu -- 21.3.7.Eucalyptus camaldulensis Dehnh. / Mikhail Olugbemiro Nafiu / Mutiu Idowu Kazeem / Musa Oyewole Salawu -- 21.3.8.Olea europaea L. / Mikhail Olugbemiro Nafiu / Mutiu Idowu Kazeem / Musa Oyewole Salawu -- 21.3.9.Pelargonium reniforme Curt. / Mikhail Olugbemiro Nafiu / Mutiu Idowu Kazeem / Musa Oyewole Salawu -- 21.3.10.Sacoglottis gabonensis Baill. / Mikhail Olugbemiro Nafiu / Mutiu Idowu Kazeem / Musa Oyewole Salawu -- 21.3.11.Mallotus oppositifolius Lour. / Mikhail Olugbemiro Nafiu / Mutiu Idowu Kazeem / Musa Oyewole Salawu -- 21.3.12.Thonningia sanguinea Vahl. / Mikhail Olugbemiro Nafiu / Mutiu Idowu Kazeem / Musa Oyewole Salawu -- 21.4.Conclusions / Mikhail Olugbemiro Nafiu / Mutiu Idowu Kazeem / Musa Oyewole Salawu -- References / Mutiu Idowu Kazeem / Musa Oyewole Salawu / Mikhail Olugbemiro Nafiu -- 22.1.Introduction / Emmanuel Mouafo Tekwu / Victor Kuete / Veronique Penlap Beng -- 22.2.African Traditional Medicine / Emmanuel Mouafo Tekwu / Victor Kuete / Veronique Penlap Beng -- 22.3.Pharmacological Activities of Medicinal Plants / Emmanuel Mouafo Tekwu / Victor Kuete / Veronique Penlap Beng -- 22.3.1.Reproductive System / Emmanuel Mouafo Tekwu / Victor Kuete / Veronique Penlap Beng -- 22.3.2.Medicinal Plants as the Source of Contraceptive Compounds / Emmanuel Mouafo Tekwu / Victor Kuete / Veronique Penlap Beng -- 22.3.3.Use of Medicinal Plants for Fertility Regulation / Emmanuel Mouafo Tekwu / Victor Kuete / Veronique Penlap Beng -- 22.3.4.Cardiovascular System / Emmanuel Mouafo Tekwu / Victor Kuete / Veronique Penlap Beng -- 22.3.5.Central Nervous System / Emmanuel Mouafo Tekwu / Victor Kuete / Veronique Penlap Beng -- 22.4.Conclusion / Emmanuel Mouafo Tekwu / Victor Kuete / Veronique Penlap Beng -- References / Emmanuel Mouafo Tekwu / Victor Kuete / Veronique Penlap Beng -- 23.1.Introduction / Paulo Peter Mhame / Mainen Julius Moshi -- 23.2.The Status of Medicinal Plants in Some African Countries / Paulo Peter Mhame / Mainen Julius Moshi -- 23.3.Legislation in the Areas of Medicinal Plants / Paulo Peter Mhame / Mainen Julius Moshi -- 23.3.1.Environmental Protection Legislation / Paulo Peter Mhame / Mainen Julius Moshi -- 23.3.2.Legislation on Threatened Species / Paulo Peter Mhame / Mainen Julius Moshi -- 23.3.3.Forest Legislation and Medicinal Plants Protection in Africa / Paulo Peter Mhame / Mainen Julius Moshi -- 23.3.4.Ethics Committees for Plant Toxicity Testing Using Animal Species / Paulo Peter Mhame / Mainen Julius Moshi -- 23.3.5.Regulation and Registration of Herbal Medicines / Paulo Peter Mhame / Mainen Julius Moshi -- 23.4.Conclusions / Paulo Peter Mhame / Mainen Julius Moshi -- References / Paulo Peter Mhame / Mainen Julius Moshi -- 24.1.Introduction / Jean P. Dzoyem / Victor Kuete / Emmanuel Tshikalange -- 24.2.Current Status and Trend in Medicinal Plant Resources in Africa / Jean P. Dzoyem / Victor Kuete / Emmanuel Tshikalange -- 24.2.1.Diversity and Distribution of African Medicinal Plant Resources / Jean P. Dzoyem / Victor Kuete / Emmanuel Tshikalange -- 24.2.2.African Traditional Medicine System / Jean P. Dzoyem / Victor Kuete / Emmanuel Tshikalange -- 24.3.Trade and Marketing / Emmanuel Tshikalange / Jean P. Dzoyem / Victor Kuete -- 24.3.1.African Medicinal Plants and International Trade / Jean P. Dzoyem / Victor Kuete / Emmanuel Tshikalange -- 24.3.2.Local Trade: Structure and Marketing Channel / Jean P. Dzoyem / Victor Kuete / Emmanuel Tshikalange -- 24.3.3.Trade Structure and Marketing Channel / Jean P. Dzoyem / Victor Kuete / Emmanuel Tshikalange -- 24.3.4.Direct Consumers / Jean P. Dzoyem / Victor Kuete / Emmanuel Tshikalange -- 24.3.5.Street Traders / Jean P. Dzoyem / Victor Kuete / Emmanuel Tshikalange -- 24.3.6.Shop Traders / Jean P. Dzoyem / Victor Kuete / Emmanuel Tshikalange -- 24.3.7.Traditional or Indigenous Healers / Jean P. Dzoyem / Victor Kuete / Emmanuel Tshikalange -- 24.4.Phytopharmaceutical Manufacturing Companies / Jean P. Dzoyem / Victor Kuete / Emmanuel Tshikalange --, and Contents note continued: 24.5.Supply of Medicinal Plants in Africa / Jean P. Dzoyem / Victor Kuete / Emmanuel Tshikalange -- 24.6.Overview bf Local Trade in Some Selected African Countries / Jean P. Dzoyem / Victor Kuete / Emmanuel Tshikalange -- 24.7.Medicinal Plant Products Industry and Manufacturing / Jean P. Dzoyem / Victor Kuete / Emmanuel Tshikalange -- 24.7.1.Medicinal Plants in Industry / Jean P. Dzoyem / Victor Kuete / Emmanuel Tshikalange -- 24.7.2.Main Applications of Medicinal Plants in Industry / Jean P. Dzoyem / Victor Kuete / Emmanuel Tshikalange -- 24.8.Conclusions / Jean P. Dzoyem / Victor Kuete / Emmanuel Tshikalange.
Subject(s):
ISBN:
9780124059368 (electronic bk.)
0124059368 (electronic bk.)
9780124059276 (electronic bk.)
0124059279 (electronic bk.)
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AVAILABLE ONLINE TO AUTHORIZED PSU USERS.
Bibliography Note:
Includes bibliographical references.
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