Actions for Control of coal combustion SO{sub 2} and NO{sub x} emissions by in-boiler injection of CMA. Final project report, July 1, 1992--December 31, 1994 [electronic resource].

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Control of coal combustion SO{sub 2} and NO{sub x} emissions by in-boiler injection of CMA. Final project report, July 1, 1992--December 31, 1994 [electronic resource].

Published
Washington, D.C. : United States. Dept. of Energy, 1995.
Oak Ridge, Tenn. : Distributed by the Office of Scientific and Technical Information, U.S. Dept. of Energy.
Physical Description
66 pages : digital, PDF file
Additional Creators
United States. Department of Energy. Office of Management, United States. Department of Energy, and United States. Department of Energy. Office of Scientific and Technical Information
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Summary
A study was conducted to determine the efficacy of carboxylic calcium and magnesium salts (e.g., calcium magnesium acetate or CMA, CaMg₂(CH₂COOH)₆) for the simultaneous removal of SO₂ and NOₓ in oxygen-lean atmospheres. Experiments were performed in a high-temperature furnace that simulated the post-flame environment of a coal-fired boiler by providing similar temperatures and partial pressures of SO₂, NOₓ CO₂ and O₂. When injected into a hot environment, the salts calcined and formed highly porous {open_quotes}popcorn{close_quotes}-like cenospheres. Residual MgO and/or CaCO₃ and CaO reacted heterogeneously with SO₂ to form MgSO₄ and/or CaCO₄. The organic components - which can be manufactured from wastes such as sewage sludge - gasified and reduced NO{sub x }to N₂ efficiently if the atmosphere was moderately fuel-rich. Dry-injected CMA particles at a Ca/S ratio of 2, residence time of 1 second and bulk equivalence ratio of 1.3 removed over 90% of SO₂ and NOₓ at gas temperatures ≥ 950°C. When the furnace isothermal zone was ≤ 950°C, Ca was essentially inert in the furnace quenching zone, while Mg continued to sorb SO₂ as the gas temperature cooled at a rate of -130°C/sec. Hence, the removal of SO₂ by CMA could continue for nearly the entire residence time of emissions in the exhaust stream of a power plant. Additional research is needed to improve the efficiency and reduce the cost of the relatively expensive carboxylic acid salts as dual SO₂-NOₓ reduction agents. For example, wet injection of the salts could be combined with less expensive hydrocarbons such as lignite or even polymers such as poly(ethylene) that could be extracted from the municipal waste stream.
Report Numbers
E 1.99:doe/pc/92535--t9
doe/pc/92535--t9
Subject(s)
Other Subject(s)
Note
Published through SciTech Connect.
04/01/1995.
"doe/pc/92535--t9"
"DE95009338"
Levendis, Y.A.
Funding Information
FG22-92PC92535
View MARC record | catkey: 13838499