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Chemical investigations of Element 108, Hassium (Hs) [electronic resource].

Published:
Washington, D.C. : United States. Dept. of Energy. Office of Science, 2003.
Oak Ridge, Tenn. : Distributed by the Office of Scientific and Technical Information, U.S. Dept. of Energy.
Additional Creators:
United States. Department of Energy. Office of Science and United States. Department of Energy. Office of Scientific and Technical Information
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Summary:
The basic aim of chemistry experiments of transactinide elements (TAN) is to establish their place in the periodic table of the elements, i.e. to determine if their chemical behavior is similar to the one of supposed homologs. In this contribution I will try to give an overview of all chemical experiments on element 108, hassium (Hs) that have been reported to date. Based on the systematics of the periodic table, Hs is expected to be a member of group 8 and therefore homologous to osmium (Os) and ruthenium (Ru). As a member of the transactinide series, its experimental investigation is complicated by low production cross-sections and short half-lives. It has therefore been successfully investigated only recently. Already in the seventies of the last century, several authors mentioned the tetroxides of the two heavier group 8 elements, Ru and Os, to be very outstanding compounds with respect to their unusually high volatility. A possible HsO₄ was considered suitable for isolating Hs from unwanted by-products of the nuclear production reaction. While RuO₄4 is rather unstable, OsO₄ is well-known to be a stable compound and is widely used in organic chemistry. Recent theoretical calculations on the electronic structure and properties of Hs [5,6] predict the formation of a stable HsO₄ whose properties should be similar to the ones of OsO₄. This is in agreement with an extrapolation of the trend established in group 8 of the periodic table by Ru and Os [7]. All of the reported experiments on the chemistry of Hs therefore aimed at a formation of this compound. Hs was discovered in 1984, when Muenzenberg et al. reported the observation of a correlated decay-chain from ²⁶⁵Hs formed in the nuclear reaction ⁵⁸Fe(²°⁸Pb; n) [8]. However, its half-life is only 1.55 ms, too short for a successful chemistry experiment. Early chemistry experiments therefore aimed at the production and detection of more neutron-rich Hs isotopes which were expected to be longer-lived. In some experiments, a nuclide with a higher Z was produced which was expected to subsequently decay to an isotope of element 108. In 1996, ²⁶⁹Hs (T{sub 1/2} ≈ 10 s) was discovered [9], and it was this relatively long-lived isotope which was used in the recent experiments. In this report, all experiments on the chemical investigation of Hs are presented in a chronological order.
Report Numbers:
E 1.99:lbnl--52278-ext.-abs.
lbnl--52278-ext.-abs.
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Note:
Published through SciTech Connect.
07/03/2003.
"lbnl--52278-ext.-abs."
": KB0401024"
2nd International Conference on the Chemistry andPhysics of the Transactinide Elements, TAN03, Napa, CA, November 16-20,2003.
Dullmann, Christoph E.
Ernest Orlando Lawrence Berkeley NationalLaboratory, Berkeley, CA (US)
SwissNational Science Foundation
Funding Information:
DE-AC02-05CH11231
NHEAVY
View MARC record | catkey: 14669222