The Hourglass Effect and the Measurement of the Transverse Size of Colliding Beams by Luminosity Scans [electronic resource].
Published:
Washington, D.C. : United States. Dept. of Energy. Office of Energy Research, 2000. Oak Ridge, Tenn. : Distributed by the Office of Scientific and Technical Information, U.S. Dept. of Energy.
The formulae relating the luminosity to the transverse beam sizes as determined by luminosity scans, are derived with the hourglass effect properly taken into account.