The European Space Agency (ESA) is currently conducting a mission to Mars known as Mars Express. The orbiter carries an instrument called the Mars Advanced Radar for Subsurface and Ionospheric Sounding (MARSIS). The MARSIS experiment is a joint project between NASA and the Italian Space Agency, and is being carried out by the University of Rome, the Jet Propulsion Laboratory, Alenia Aerospazio, and the University of Iowa. This paper describes the science objectives of the experiment, the instrument characteristics, and applications of the MARSIS investigation to studies of the martian polar regions.
