A thermodynamic foundation using the concept of internal state variables is presented for the kinematic description of a viscoplastic material. Three different evolution equations for the back stress are considered. The first is that of classical, nonlinear, kinematic hardening. The other two include a contribution that is linear in stress rate. Choosing an appropriate change in variables can remove this stress rate dependence. As a result, one of these two models is shown to be equivalent to the classical, kinematic hardening model; while the other is a new model, one which seems to have favorable characteristics for representing ratchetting behavior. All three models are thermodynamically admissible.
Document ID: 19910010163. Accession ID: 91N19476. E-6071. NASA-TM-103794. NAS 1.15:103794. International Symposium on Plasticity; 12-16 Aug. 1991; Grenoble; France.