Machine generated contents note: 1.Introduction -- 2.Distant beginnings: the first 3,000 years -- 3.The Italians invent modern finance -- 4.The rise of international financial capitalism: the seventeenth century -- 5.The "Big Bang" of financial capitalism: financing and re-financing the Mississippi and South Sea Companies, 1688--1720 -- 6.The rise and spread of financial capitalism, 1720--1789 -- 7.Financial innovations during the "birth of the modern," 1789--1830: a tale of three revolutions -- 8.British recovery and attempts to imitate in the US, France, and Germany, 1825--1850 -- 9.Financial globalization takes off: the spread of sterling and the rise of the gold standard, 1848--1879 -- 10.The first global financial market and the classical gold standard, 1880--1914 -- 11.The Thirty Years War and the disruption of international finance, 1914--1944 -- 12.The Bretton Woods era and the re-emergence of global finance, 1945--1973 -- 13.From turmoil to the "Great Moderation," 1973--2007 -- 14.The sub-prime crisis and the aftermath, 2007--2014.