Microbiology : a systems approach
- Author:
- Cowan, M. Kelly
- Published:
- New York, NY : McGraw-Hill Education, [2015]
- Edition:
- Fourth edition / Marjorie Kelly Cowan, Miami University.
- Physical Description:
- xxxii, 801 pages : color illustrations ; 29 cm
- Contents:
- Machine generated contents note: ch. 1 The Main Themes of Microbiology -- 1.1.The Scope of Microbiology -- 1.2.The Impact of Microbes on Earth: Small Organisms with a Giant Effect -- Microbial Involvement in Shaping Our Planet -- 1.3.Humans Use of Microorganisms -- 1.4.Infectious Diseases and the Human Condition -- 1.5.The General Characteristics of Microorganisms -- Cellular Organization -- Lifestyles of Microorganisms -- 1.6.The Historical Foundations of Microbiology -- The Development of the Microscope: "Seeing Is Believing" -- The Establishment of the Scientific Method -- Deductive and Inductive Reasoning -- The Development of Medical Microbiology -- 1.7.Naming, Classifying, and Identifying Microorganisms -- Assigning Specific Names -- The Levels of Classification -- The Origin and Evolution of Microorganisms -- Systems of Presenting a Universal Tree of Life -- INSIGHT 1.1 The War Is Far from Over -- INSIGHT 1.2 Spontaneous Generation: A Hard Habit to Break -- INSIGHT 1.3 What's In a Name? -- Chapter Summary -- Multiple-Choice and True-False Questions Remember and Understand -- Critical Thinking Questions Apply, Analyze, and Evaluate -- Concept Connections Analyze and Create -- Visual Connections Evaluate -- Concept Mapping Create -- ch. 2 The Chemistry of Biology -- 2.1.Atoms, Bonds, and Molecules: Fundamental Building Blocks -- Different Types of Atoms: Elements and Their Properties -- The Major Elements of Life and Their Primary Characteristics -- Bonds and Molecules -- The Chemistry of Carbon and Organic Compounds -- 2.2.Macromolecules: Superstructures of Life -- Carbohydrates: Sugars and Polysaccharides -- Lipids: Fats, Phospholipids, and Waxes -- Proteins: Shapers of Life -- The Nucleic Acids: A Cell Computer and Its Programs -- 2.3.Cells: Where Chemicals Come to Life -- Fundamental Characteristics of Cells -- INSIGHT 2.1 Na, Na, Na, Na, Sodium? -- INSIGHT 2.2 Antioxidants: Super Foods or Super Hype? -- INSIGHT 2.3 Membranes: Cellular Skins -- Chapter Summary -- Multiple-Choice and True-False Questions Remember and Understand -- Critical Thinking Questions Apply, Analyze, and Evaluate -- Concept Connections Analyze and Create -- Visual Connections Evaluate -- Concept Mapping Create -- ch. 3 Tools of the Laboratory: Methods for the Culturing and Microscopic Analysis of Microorganisms -- 3.1.Methods of Culturing Microorganisms: The Five I's -- Inoculation: Producing a Culture -- Incubation -- Media: Providing Nutrients in the Laboratory -- Isolation: Separating One Species from Another -- Rounding Out the Five I's: Inspection and Identification -- 3.2.The Microscope: Window on an Invisible Realm -- Microbial Dimensions: How Small Is Small? -- Magnification and Microscope Design -- Principles of Light Microscopy -- Preparing Specimens for Optical Microscopes -- INSIGHT 3.1 Fanny's Fabulous Finding -- INSIGHT 3.2 Microscopy: Now on Your Smartphone -- Chapter Summary -- Multiple-Choice and True-False Questions Remember and Understand -- Critical Thinking Questions Apply, Analyze, and Evaluate -- Concept Connections Analyze and Create -- Visual Connections Evaluate -- Concept Mapping Create -- ch. 4 Bacteria and Archaea -- 4.1.Bacterial Form and Function -- The Structure of a Generalized Bacterial Cell -- Bacterial Arrangements and Sizes -- 4.2.External Structures -- Appendages: Cell Extensions -- Surface Coatings: The S Layer and the Glycocalyx -- 4.3.The Cell Envelope: The Boundary Layer of Bacteria -- Differences in Cell Envelope Structure -- Structure of the Cell Wall -- The Gram-Negative Outer Membrane -- Cell Membrane Structure -- Practical Considerations of Differences in Cell Envelope Structure -- 4.4.Bacterial Internal Structure -- Contents of the Cell Cytoplasm -- Bacterial Endospores: An Extremely Resistant Stage -- 4.5.The Archaea: The Other "Prokaryotes" -- 4.6.Classification Systems for Bacteria and Archaea -- Taxonomic Scheme -- Diagnostic Scheme -- Species and Subspecies in Bacteria and Archaea -- INSIGHT 4.1 Biofilms: Biological Glue -- INSIGHT 4.2 The Gram Stain: A Grand Stain -- INSIGHT 4.3 CSI: Bacteria? -- Chapter Summary -- Multiple-Choice and True-False Questions Remember and Understand -- Critical Thinking Questions Apply, Analyze, and Evaluate -- Concept Connections Analyze and Create -- Visual Connections Evaluate -- Concept Mapping Create -- ch. 5 Eukaryotic Cells and Microorganisms -- 5.1.The History of Eukaryotes -- 5.2.Form and Function of the Eukaryotic Cell: External Structures and Boundary Structures -- Locomotor Appendages: Cilia and Flagella -- The Glycocalyx -- Boundary Structures -- 5.3.Form and Function of the Eukaryotic Cell: Internal Structures -- The Nucleus: The Control Center -- Endoplasmic Reticulum: A Passageway in the Cell -- Golgi Apparatus: A Packaging Machine -- Nucleus, Endoplasmic Reticulum, and Golgi Apparatus: Nature's Assembly Line -- Mitrochondria: Energy Generators of the Cell -- Chloroplasts: Photosynthesis Machines -- Ribosomes: Protein Synthesizers -- The Cytoskeleton: A Support Network -- Survey of Eukaryotic Microorganisms -- 5.4.The Fungi -- Fungal Nutrition -- Organization of Microscopic Fungi -- Reproductive Strategies and Spore Formation -- Fungal Identification and Cultivation -- The Roles of Fungi in Nature and Industry -- 5.5.The Protists -- The Algae: Photosynthetic Protists -- Biology of the Protozoa -- Classification of Selected Important Protozoa -- Protozoan Identification and Cultivation -- Important Protozoan Pathogens -- 5.6.The Helminths -- General Worm Morphology -- Life Cycles and Reproduction -- A Helminth Cycle: The Pinworm -- Helminth Classification and Identification -- Distribution and Importance of Parasitic Worms -- INSIGHT 5.1 The Extraordinary Emergence of Eukaryotic Cells -- INSIGHT 5.2 The Zombie Ant Apocalypse -- INSIGHT 5.3 Flirting with Disaster -- Chapter Summary -- Multiple-Choice and True-False Questions Remember and Understand -- Critical Thinking Questions Apply, Analyze, and Evaluate -- Concept Connections Analyze and Create -- Visual Connections Evaluate -- Concept Mapping Create -- ch. 6 An Introduction to the Viruses -- 6.1.The Search for the Elusive Viruses -- 6.2.The Position of Viruses in the Biological Spectrum -- 6.3.The General Structure of Viruses -- Size Range -- Viral Components: Capsids, Envelopes, and Nucleic Acids -- 6.4.How Viruses Are Classified and Named -- 6.5.Modes of Viral Multiplication -- Multiplication Cycles in Animal Viruses -- Viruses That Infect Bacteria -- 6.6.Techniques in Cultivating and Identifying Animal Viruses -- Using Live Animal Inoculation -- Using Bird Embryos -- Using Cell (Tissue) Culture Techniques -- 6.7.Other Noncellular Infectious Agents -- 6.8.Viruses and Human Health -- INSIGHT 6.1 A Positive View of Viruses -- INSIGHT 6.2 Coral Decline Linked to Herpesvirus? -- INSIGHT 6.3 Phage Therapy -- Chapter Summary -- Multiple-Choice and True-False Questions Remember and Understand -- Critical Thinking Questions Apply, Analyze, and Evaluate -- Concept Connections Analyze and Create -- Visual Connections Evaluate -- Concept Mapping Create -- ch. 7 Microbial Nutrition, Ecology, and Growth -- 7.1.Microbial Nutrition -- Chemical Analysis of Microbial Cytoplasm -- Sources of Essential Nutrients -- How Microbes Feed: Nutritional Types -- How Microbes Feed: Nutrient Absorption -- The Movement of Molecules: Diffusion and Transport -- The Movement of Water: Osmosis -- Activate Transport: Bringing in Molecules Against a Gradient -- 7.2.Environmental Factors That Influence Microbes -- Temperature -- Gases -- pH -- Osmotic Pressure -- Radiation and Hydrostatic Atmospheric Pressure -- Other Organisms -- 7.3.The Study of Microbial Growth -- The Basis of Population Growth: Binary Fission -- The Rate of Population Growth -- The Population Growth Curve -- Other Methods of Analyzing Population Growth -- INSIGHT 7.1 Life in the Extremes -- INSIGHT 7.2 Ancient Aerobes and the Great Oxidation Event -- INSIGHT 7.3 The BP Deepwater Horizon Spill: Oil Isn't the Only Environmental Disaster -- INSIGHT 7.4 The Tortoise and the Hare -- Chapter Summary -- Multiple-Choice and True-False Questions Remember and Understand -- Critical Thinking Questions Apply, Analyze, and Evaluate -- Concept Connections Analyze and Create -- Visual Connections Evaluate -- Concept Mapping Create -- ch. 8 Microbial Metabolism: The Chemical Crossroads of Life -- 8.1.The Metabolism of Microbes -- Enzymes: Catalyzing the Chemical Reactions of Life -- Regulation of Enzymatic Activity and Metabolic Pathways -- 8.2.The Pursuit and Utilization of Energy -- Energy in Cells -- A Closer Look at Biological Oxidation and Reduction -- Adenosine Triphosphate: Metabolic Money -- 8.3.Catabolism: Getting Materials and Energy -- Overview of Catabolism -- Aerobic Respiration -- Pyruvic Acid: A Central Metabolite -- The Krebs Cycle: A Carbon and Energy Wheel -- The Respiratory Chain: Electron Transport and Oxidative Phosphorylation -- Summary of Aerobic Respiration -- Anaerobic Respiration -- Fermentation -- Catabolism of Noncarbohydrate Compounds -- 8.4.Biosynthesis and the Crossing Pathways of Metabolism -- The Frugality of the Cell---Waste Not, Want Not -- Anabolism: Formation of Macromolecules -- Assembly of the Cell -- 8.5.Photosynthesis: It All Starts with Light -- Light-Dependent Reactions -- Light-Independent Reactions -- Other Mechanisms of Photosynthesis -- INSIGHT 8.1 Pass the Java -- INSIGHT 8.2 Unity Through Diversity -- INSIGHT 8.3 What Does 2,500-Year-Old Beer Taste Like? -- Chapter Summary -- Multiple-Choice and True-False Questions Remember and Understand -- Critical Thinking Questions Apply, Analyze, and Evaluate -- Concept Connections Analyze and Create -- Visual Connections Evaluate -- Concept Mapping Create -- ch. 9 Microbial Genetics -- 9.1.Introduction to Genetics and Genes: Unlocking the Secrets of Heredity -- The Nature of the Genetic Material -- The DNA Code: A Simple yet Profound Message --, Contents note continued: The Significance of DNA Structure -- DNA Replication: Preserving the Code and Passing It On -- 9.2.Applications of the DNA Code: Transcription and Translation -- The Gene-Protein Connection -- The Major Participants in Transcription and Translation -- Transcription: The First Stage of Gene Expression -- Translation: The Second State of Gene Expression -- Eukaryotic Transcription and Translation: Similar yet Different -- The Genetics of Animal Viruses -- 9.3.Genetic Regulation of Protein Synthesis -- The Lactose Operon: A Model for Inducible Gene Regulation in Bacteria -- A Repressible Operon -- Phase Variation -- Antibiotics That Affect Transcription and Translation -- 9.4.DNA Recombination Events -- Horizontal Gene Transfer in Bacteria -- Pathogenicity Islands: Special "Gifts" of Horizontal Gene Transfer? -- 9.5.Mutations: Changes in the Genetic Code -- Causes of Mutations -- Categories of Mutations -- Repair of Mutations -- The Ames Test -- Positive and Negative Effects of Mutations -- INSIGHT 9.1 How Much DNA Does One Bacterium Need? -- INSIGHT 9.2 Micro RNA: Tiny but Mighty -- Chapter Summary -- Multiple-Choice and True-False Questions Remember and Understand -- Critical Thinking Questions Apply, Analyze, and Evaluate -- Concept Connections Analyze and Create -- Visual Connections Evaluate -- Concept Mapping Create -- ch. 10 Genetic Engineering and Recombinant DNA -- 10.1.Introduction to Genetic Engineering -- 10.2.Tools and Techniques of Genetic Engineering -- DNA: The Raw Material -- Enzymes for Dicing, Splicing, and Reversing Nucleic Acids -- Analysis of DNA -- Methods in Recombinant DNA Technology: How to Imitate Nature -- 10.3.Products of Recombinant DNA Technology -- Genetically Modified Organisms -- 10.4.Genetic Treatments: Introducing DNA into the Body -- Gene Therapy -- DNA Technology as Genetic Medicine -- 10.5.Genome Analysis: Maps and Profiles -- Genome Mapping and Screening: An Atlas of the Genome -- DNA Profiles: A Unique Picture of a Genome -- Measuring Gene Expression: Microarrays -- 10.6.Proteome Analysis -- INSIGHT 10.1 Biohackers and DIYbio: Genetics in Your Garage -- INSIGHT 10.2 Detecting Genetically Modified Food Using Bioluminescence -- INSIGHT 10.3 Genomics: The Final Frontier? -- Chapter Summary -- Multiple-Choice and True-False Questions Remember and Understand -- Critical Thinking Questions Apply, Analyze, and Evaluate -- Concept Connections Analyze and Create -- Visual Connections Evaluate -- Concept Mapping Create -- ch. 11 Physical and Chemical Control of Microbes -- 11.1.Controlling Microorganisms -- General Considerations in Microbial Control -- Relative Resistance of Microbial Forms -- Methods of Microbial Control -- What Is Microbial Death? -- How Antimicrobial Agents Work: Their Modes of Action -- 11.2.Methods of Physical Control -- Heat as an Agent of Microbial Control -- The Effects of Cold and Desiccation -- Radiation as a Microbial Control Agent -- Decontamination by Filtration: Techniques for Removing Microbes -- Osmotic Pressure -- 11.3.Chemical Agents in Microbial Control -- Selecting a Microbicidal Chemical -- Factors Affecting the Microbicidal Activity of Chemicals -- Germicidal Categories According to Chemical Group -- INSIGHT 11.1 "Suspicious Powder" -- INSIGHT 11.2 A Green Clean -- INSIGHT 11.3 Dispensing More Than Just Soap -- Chapter Summary -- Multiple-Choice and True-False Questions Remember and Understand -- Critical Thinking Questions Apply, Analyze, and Evaluate -- Concept Connections Analyze and Create -- Visual Connections Evaluate -- Concept Mapping Create -- ch. 12 Drugs, Microbes, Host---The Elements of Chemotherapy -- 12.1.Principles of Antimicrobial Therapy -- The Origins of Antimicrobial Drugs -- Starting Treatment -- Identifying the Agent -- Testing for the Drug Susceptibility of Microorganisms -- The Art and Science of Choosing an Antimicrobial Drug -- 12.2.Interactions Between Drug and Microbe -- Mechanisms of Drug Action -- 12.3.Survey of Major Antimicrobial Drug Groups -- Antibacterial Drugs Targeting the Cell Wall -- Antibacterial Drugs Targeting Protein Synthesis -- Antibacterial Drugs Targeting Folic Acid Synthesis -- Antibacterial Drugs Targeting DNA or RNA -- Antibacterial Drugs Targeting Cell Membranes -- Antibiotics and Biofilms -- Agents to Treat Fungal Infections -- Antiprotozoal and Antihelminthic Chemotherapy -- Antiviral Chemotherapeutic Agents -- 12.4.Antimicrobial Resistance -- Interactions Between Microbes and Drugs: The Acquisition of Drug Resistance -- The Human Role in Antimicrobial Resistance -- Strategies to Limit Drug Resistance -- New Approaches to Antimicrobial Therapy -- 12.5.Interactions Between Drug and Host -- Toxicity to Organs -- Allergic Responses to Drugs -- Suppression and Alteration of the Microbiota by Antimicrobials -- INSIGHT 12.1 Penicillin and Winning World War II -- INSIGHT 12.2 Drug Resistance: Are We Fighting a Losing Battle? -- INSIGHT 12.3 A New Twist on Antibiotic Therapy: Vampire Bacteria -- Chapter Summary -- Multiple-Choice and True-False Questions Remember and Understand -- Critical Thinking Questions Apply, Analyze, and Evaluate -- Concept Connections Analyze and Create -- Visual Connections Evaluate -- Concept Mapping Create -- ch. 13 Microbe-Human Interactions: Infection and Disease -- 13.1.The Human Host -- Colonization, Infection, Disease---A Continuum -- Resident Biota: The Human as a Habitat -- 13.2.The Progress of an Infection -- Becoming Established: Step One---Portals of Entry -- Becoming Established: Step Two---Attaching to the Host -- Becoming Established: Step Three---Surviving Host Defenses -- Step Four---Causing Disease -- Step Five---Vacating the Host: Portals of Exit -- The Persistence of Microbes and Pathologic Conditions -- What Happens in Your Body -- Reservoirs: Where Pathogens Persist -- The Acquisition and Transmission of Infectious Agents -- Healthcare-Associated Infections: The Hospital as a Source of Disease -- Which Agent Is the Cause? Using Koch's Postulates to Determine Etiology -- 13.3.Epidemiology: The Study of Disease in Populations -- Tracking Disease in a Population -- Global Issues in Epidemiology -- INSIGHT 13.1 "Normal" Microbiota Influenced Human Evolution -- INSIGHT 13.2 The Microscopic Elephant in the Room -- INSIGHT 13.3 Viable but Nonculturable: I'm Not Dead Yet! -- INSIGHT 13.4 Some Healthcare-Associated Infections on the Decline -- Chapter Summary -- Multiple-Choice and True-False Questions Remember and Understand -- Critical Thinking Questions Apply, Analyze, and Evaluate -- Concept Connections Analyze and Create -- Visual Connections Evaluate -- Concept Mapping Create -- ch. 14 Host Defenses I: Overview and Nonspecific Defenses -- 14.1.Defense Mechanisms of the Host in Perspective -- Barriers: A First Line of Defense -- 14.2.The Second and Third Lines of Defense: An Overview -- 14.3.Systems Involved in Immune Defenses -- The Communicating Body Compartments -- 14.4.The Second Line of Defense -- Phagocytosis: Cornerstone of Inflammation and Specific Immunity -- Inflammation: A Complex Concert of Reactions to Injury -- The Stages of Inflammation -- Fever: An Adjunct to Inflammation -- Antimicrobial Proteins: (1) Interferon -- Antimicrobial Proteins: (2) Complement -- Antimicrobial Proteins: (3) Iron-Binding Proteins and (4) Antimicrobial Peptides -- INSIGHT 14.1 Don't Drink and Phagocytose -- INSIGHT 14.2 Autism Risk Doubled by Fever During Pregnancy -- Chapter Summary -- Multiple-Choice and True-False Questions Remember and Understand -- Critical Thinking Questions Apply, Analyze, and Evaluate -- Concept Connections Analyze and Create -- Visual Connections Evaluate -- Concept Mapping Create -- ch. 15 Host Defenses II: Specific Immunity and Immunization -- 15.1.Specific Immunity: The Third Line of Defense -- A Brief Overview of the Immune Response -- Markers on Cell Surfaces Involved In Recognition of Self and Nonself -- Entrance and Presentation of Antigens -- Antigen Challenge and Clonal Selection -- 15.2.Step I: The Development of Lymphocyte Diversity -- Specific Events in T-Cell Maturation -- Specific Events in B-Cell Maturation -- The Origin of Immunologic Diversity -- Clonal Selection -- 15.3.Step II: Presentation of Antigens -- Characteristics of Antigens -- Cooperation in Immune Reactions to Antigens -- The Role of Antigen Processing and Presentation -- 15.4.Step III: Antigenic Challenge of T Cells and B Cells -- The Activation of T Cells and Their Differentiation into Subsets -- The Activation of B Cells: Clonal Expansion and Antibody Production -- 15.5.Step IV (1): The T-Cell Response -- T Helper (TH) Cells -- Regulatory T (TR) Cells: Cells That Maintain the Happy Medium -- Cytotoxic T (Tc) Cells: Cells That Kill Other Cells -- Additional Cells with Orders to Kill -- 15.6.Step IV (2): The B-Cell Response -- The Structure of Immunoglobulins -- Antibody-Antigen Interactions and the Function of the Fab -- Functions of the Fc Fragment -- Accessory Molecules on Immunoglobulins -- The Classes of Immunoglobulins -- Monitoring Antibody Production Over Time: Primary and Secondary Responses to Antigens -- 15.7.Specific Immunity and Vaccination -- Artificial Passive Immunization: Immunotherapy -- Artificial Active Immunity: Vaccination -- Development of New Vaccines -- Route of Administration and Side Effects of Vaccines -- Vaccinating: Who and When? -- INSIGHT 15.1 "Is It Hot in Here, or Is It Just You?" -- INSIGHT 15.2 The Lively History of Vaccination -- INSIGHT 15.3 There's a Vaccine for That... -- INSIGHT 15.4 How Anti-Vaxxers Were Misled -- Chapter Summary -- Multiple-Choice and True-False Questions Remember and Understand -- Critical Thinking Questions Apply, Analyze, and Evaluate -- Concept Connections Analyze and Create -- Visual Connections Evaluate -- Concept Mapping Create -- ch. 16 Disorders in Immunity -- 16.1.The Immune Response: A Two-Sided Coin -- Hypersensitivity: Four Types --, Contents note continued: 16.2.Type I Allergic Reactions: Atopy and Anaphylaxis -- Who Is Affected, and How? -- The Nature of Allergens and Their Portals of Entry -- Mechanisms of Type I Allergy: Sensitization and Provocation -- Cytokines, Target Organs, and Allergic Symptoms -- IgE- and Mast-Cell-Mediated Allergic Conditions -- Anaphylaxis: An Overpowering Systemic Reaction -- Diagnosis of Allergy -- Treatment and Prevention of Allergy -- 16.3.Type II Hypersensitivities: Reactions That Lyse Foreign Cells -- The Basis of Human ABO Antigens and Blood Types -- Antibodies Against A and B Antigens -- The Rh Factor and Its Clinical Importance -- Other RBC Antigens -- 16.4.Type III Hypersensitivities: Immune Complex Reactions -- Mechanisms of Immune Complex Disease -- Types of Immune Complex Disease -- 16.5.Type IV Hypersensitivities: Cell-Mediated (Delayed) Reactions -- Delayed-Type Hypersensitivity -- Contact Dermatitis -- T Cells and Their Role in Organ Transplantation -- 16.6.An Inappropriate Response Against Self: Autoimmunity -- Genetic and Gender Correlation in Autoimmune Disease -- The Origins of Autoimmune Disease -- Examples of Autoimmune Disease -- 16.7.Immunodeficiency Diseases: Hyposensitivity of the Immune System -- Primary Immunodeficiency Diseases -- Secondary Immunodeficiency Diseases -- INSIGHT 16.1 Treatment for Deadly Peanut Allergy -- INSIGHT 16.2 Is Rock and Roll Hazardous to Your Health? -- INSIGHT 16.3 Take Two Hookworms and Call Me in the Morning -- INSIGHT 16.4 Perspectives on Severe Combined Immunodeficiency -- Chapter Summary -- Multiple-Choice and True-False Questions Remember and Understand -- Critical Thinking Questions Apply, Analyze, and Evaluate -- Concept Connections Analyze and Create -- Visual Connections Evaluate -- Concept Mapping Create -- ch. 17 Diagnosing Infections -- 17.1.Identifying the Infectious Agent -- Specimen Collection -- Overview of Laboratory Techniques -- 17.2.Phenotypic Methods -- Immediate Direct Examination of Specimen -- Cultivation of Specimen -- Biochemical Testing -- Miscellaneous Tests -- Determining Clinical Significance of Cultures -- 17.3.Genotypic Methods -- Polymerase Chain Reaction: Amplifying the Information -- Hybridization: Probing for Identity -- Pulse-Field Gel Electrophoresis: Microbial Fingerprints -- Ribotyping: rRNA Analysis -- 17.4.Immunologic Methods -- General Features of Immune Testing -- Agglutination and Precipitation Reactions -- The Western Blot for Detecting Proteins -- Immunofluorescence Testing -- Radioimmunoassay (RIA) -- Immunochromatographic Testing -- Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay (ELISA) -- In Vivo Testing -- 17.5.Breakthrough Methodologies -- Microarrays -- Nucleic Acid Sequencing: The Whole Story -- Mass Spectrometry -- Lab-on-a-Chip -- Imaging -- INSIGHT 17.1 A Glowing Diagnosis -- INSIGHT 17.2 The Human Microbiome Project and Diagnosis of Infection -- Chapter Summary -- Multiple-Choice and True-False Questions Remember and Understand -- Critical Thinking Questions Apply, Analyze, and Evaluate -- Concept Connections Analyze and Create -- Visual Connections Evaluate -- Concept Mapping Create -- ch. 18 Infectious Disease Affecting the Skin and Eyes -- 18.1.The Skin and Its Defenses -- 18.2.Normal Biota of the Skin -- 18.3.Skin Diseases Caused by Microorganisms -- Acne -- Impetigo -- Cellulitis -- Staphylococcal Scalded Skin Syndrome (SSSS) -- Gas Gangrene -- Vesicular or Pustular Rash Diseases -- Maculopapular Rash Diseases -- Wart-like Eruptions -- Large Pustular Skin Lesions -- Ringworm (Cutaneous Mycoses) -- Superficial Mycoses -- 18.4.The Surface of the Eye and Its Defenses -- 18.5.Normal Biota of the Eye -- 18.6.Eye Diseases Caused by Microorganisms -- Conjunctivitis -- Trachoma -- Keratitis -- River Blindness -- INSIGHT 18.1 Skin, Staph, and Strep -- INSIGHT 18.2 Skin Deep? -- INSIGHT 18.3 Do Mosquitoes Love You? -- Chapter Summary -- Multiple-Choice and True-False Questions Remember and Understand -- Critical Thinking Questions Apply, Analyze, and Evaluate -- Concept Connections Analyze and Create -- Visual Connections Evaluate -- Concept Mapping Create -- ch. 19 Infectious Diseases Affecting the Nervous System -- 19.1.The Nervous System and Its Defenses -- 19.2.Normal Biota of the Nervous System -- 19.3.Nervous System Diseases Caused by Microorganisms -- Meningitis -- Neonatal and Infant Meningitis -- Meningoencephalitis -- Acute Encephalitis -- Subacute Encephalitis -- Rabies -- Poliomyelitis -- Tetanus -- Botulism -- African Sleeping Sickness -- INSIGHT 19.1 The African Meningitis Belt -- INSIGHT 19.2 The West Nile Virus in Texas? -- INSIGHT 19.3 Treatment for Mad Cow Disease? -- INSIGHT 19.4 Bats on a Plane? -- INSIGHT 19.5 Polio -- Chapter Summary -- Multiple-Choice and True-False Questions Remember and Understand -- Critical Thinking Questions Apply, Analyze, and Evaluate -- Concept Connections Analyze and Create -- Visual Connections Evaluate -- Concept Mapping Create -- ch. 20 Infectious Diseases Affecting the Cardiovascular and Lymphatic Systems -- 20.1.The Cardiovascular and Lymphatic Systems and Their Defenses -- The Cardiovascular System -- The Lymphatic System -- Defenses of the Cardiovascular and Lymphatic Systems -- 20.2.Normal Biota of the Cardiovascular and Lymphatic Systems -- 20.3.Cardiovascular and Lymphatic System Diseases Caused by Microorganisms -- Endocarditis -- Septicemia -- Plague -- Tularemia -- Lyme Disease -- Infectious Mononucleosis -- Anthrax -- Hemorrhagic Fever Diseases -- Nonhemorrhagic Fever Diseases -- Chagas Disease -- Malaria -- HIV Infection and AIDS -- INSIGHT 20.1 The Cause of Black Plague: An Alternate Hypothesis? -- INSIGHT 20.2 Acorns, Red Foxes, and Climate Change -- INSIGHT 20.3 AIDS-Defining Illnesses (ADIs) -- Chapter Summary -- Multiple-Choice and True-False Questions Remember and Understand -- Critical Thinking Questions Apply, Analyze, and Evaluate -- Concept Connections Analyze and Create -- Visual Connections Evaluate -- Concept Mapping Create -- ch. 21 Infectious Diseases Affecting the Respiratory System -- 21.1.The Respiratory Tract and Its Defenses -- 21.2.Normal Biota of the Respiratory Tract -- 21.3.Upper Respiratory Tract Diseases Caused by Microorganisms -- The Common Cold -- Sinusitis -- Acute Otitis Media (Ear Infection) -- Pharyngitis -- Diphtheria -- 21.4.Diseases Caused by Microorganisms Affecting Both the Upper and Lower Respiratory Tracts -- Whooping Cough -- Respiratory Syncytial Virus Infection -- Influenza -- 21.5.Lower Respiratory Tract Diseases Caused by Microorganisms -- Tuberculosis -- Pneumonia -- Community-Acquired Pneumonia -- Healthcare-Associated Pneumonia -- Hantavirus Pulmonary Syndrome -- INSIGHT 21.1 Influenza: A Time Line -- INSIGHT 21.2 Biological Terrorism Agents Targeting the Respiratory Tract -- INSIGHT 21.3 Hantavirus in Yosemite -- Chapter Summary -- Multiple-Choice and True-False Questions Remember and Understand -- Critical Thinking Questions Apply, Analyze, and Evaluate -- Concept Connections Analyze and Create -- Visual Connections Evaluate -- Concept Mapping Create -- ch. 22 Infectious Diseases Affecting the Gastrointestinal Tract -- 22.1.The Gastrointestinal Tract and Its Defenses -- 22.2.Normal Biota of the Gastrointestinal Tract -- 22.3.Gastrointestinal Tract Diseases Caused by Microorganisms (Nonhelminthic) -- Tooth and Gum Infections -- Dental Caries (Tooth Decay) -- Periodontal Disease -- Mumps -- Gastritis and Gastric Ulcers -- Acute Diarrhea (With or Without Vomiting) -- Acute Diarrhea with Vomiting Caused by Exotoxins (Food Poisoning) -- Chronic Diarrhea -- Hepatitis -- 22.4.Gastrointestinal Tract Diseases Caused by Helminths -- General Clinical Considerations -- Disease: Intestinal Distress as the Primary Symptom -- Disease: Intestinal Distress Accompanied by Migratory Symptoms -- Liver and Intestinal Disease -- Disease: Muscle and Neurological Symptoms -- Liver Disease -- INSIGHT 22.1 Metal in Your Mouth, Biofilms on the Barbell -- INSIGHT 22.2 "The Most Important Medical Advance This Century"---The Lancet, August 5, 1978 -- INSIGHT 22.3 A New Take on Number Two -- Chapter Summary -- Multiple-Choice and True-False Questions Remember and Understand -- Critical Thinking Questions Apply, Analyze, and Evaluate -- Concept Connections Analyze and Create -- Visual Connections Evaluate -- Concept Mapping Create -- ch. 23 Infectious Diseases Affecting the Genitourinary System -- 23.1.The Genitourinary Tract and Its Defenses -- 23.2.Normal Biota of the Genitourinary Tract -- Normal Biota of the Male Genital Tract -- Normal Biota of the Female Genital Tract -- 23.3.Urinary Tract Diseases Caused by Microorganisms -- Urinary Tract Infections (UTIs) -- Leptospirosis -- Urinary Schistosomiasis -- 23.4.Reproductive Tract Diseases Caused by Microorganisms -- Vaginitis -- Vaginosis -- Prostatitis -- Discharge Diseases with Major Manifestation in the Genitourinary Tract -- Genital Ulcer Diseases -- Wart Diseases -- Group B Streptococcus "Colonization"---Neonatal Disease -- INSIGHT 23.1 Is Your Chicken Salad Causing a UTI? -- INSIGHT 23.2 Pelvic Inflammatory Disease: Infertility Before You're Ready to Conceive -- Chapter Summary -- Multiple-Choice and True-False Questions Remember and Understand -- Critical Thinking Questions Apply, Analyze, and Evaluate -- Concept Connections Analyze and Create -- Visual Connections Evaluate -- Concept Mapping Create -- ch. 24 Microbes and the Environment -- 24.1.Ecology: The Interconnecting Web of Life -- The Organization of Ecosystems -- Energy and Nutritional Flow in Ecosystems -- 24.2.The Natural Recycling of Bioelements -- Atmospheric Cycles -- Sedimentary Cycles -- Other Forms of Cycling -- 24.3.Microbes on Land and in Water -- Environmental Sampling in the Genomic Era -- Soil Microbiology -- Deep Subsurface Microbiology -- Aquatic Microbiology -- INSIGHT 24.1 Colonizing Mars with Bacteria? -- INSIGHT 24.2 Novel Hot Spring Viruses Migrate on Water Droplets -- Chapter Summary --, and Contents note continued: Multiple-Choice and True-False Questions Remember and Understand -- Critical Thinking Questions Apply, Analyze, and Evaluate -- Concept Connections Analyze and Create -- Visual Connections Evaluate -- ch. 25 Applied Microbiology and Food and Water Safety -- 25.1.Applied Microbiology and Biotechnology -- 25.2.Microorganisms in Water and Wastewater Treatment -- Water Monitoring to Prevent Disease -- 25.3.Microorganisms Making Food and Spoiling Food -- Microbial Fermentations in Food Products from Plants -- Microbes in Milk and Other Dairy Products -- Microorganisms as Food -- Microbial Involvement in Food-Borne Diseases -- Prevention Measures for Food Poisoning and Spoilage -- 25.4.Using Microorganisms to Make Things We Need -- From Microbial Factories to Industrial Factories -- Substance Production -- INSIGHT 25.1 Trash to Treasure: Using Bioremediation to Clean Up a Garbage Dump -- INSIGHT 25.2 Microbial Fuel Cells: Turning Your Poop into Electricity -- INSIGHT 25.3 Cleaning Up Muddy Water -- INSIGHT 25.4 Bacteria Heal Concrete -- Chapter Summary -- Multiple-Choice and True-False Questions Remember and Understand -- Critical Thinking Questions Apply, Analyze, and Evaluate -- Concept Connections Analyze and Create -- Visual Connections Evaluate -- Concept Mapping Create.
- Subject(s):
- ISBN:
- 9780073402437 (hard copy ; alk. paper)
0073402435 (hard copy ; alk. paper) - Note:
- Includes index.
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