Email RIS file
Bookmark
Report an Issue

Composition and properties of drilling and completion fluids / Ryen Caenn, H.C.H. Darley, George R. Gray

Author:
Caenn, Ryen
Published:
Cambridge, MA ; Kidlington, Oxford, United Kingdom : Gulf Professional Publishing, an mprint of Elsevier, [2017]
Copyright Date:
©2017
Edition:
Seventh edition.
Physical Description:
xviii, 730 : illustrations, maps ; 24 cm
Additional Creators:
Darley, H. C. H. (Henry C. H.), 1911- and Gray, George Robert, 1907-

Availability

Browse Nearby on Shelf
I Want It
I Want It

Finding items...

Contents:
Machine generated contents note: 1.Introduction to Drilling Fluids -- Functions of Drilling Fluids -- Principle Functions -- Associated Functions -- Limitations -- Composition of Drilling Fluids -- Weight Materials -- Drilling Fluid Systems -- Types of Drilling Fluid Systems -- Properties of Drilling Fluids -- Density -- Flow Properties -- Filtration Properties -- Drilling Fluid Selection -- Location -- Mud-Making Shales -- Geopressured Formations -- High Temperature -- Hole Instability -- Fast Drilling Fluids -- Rock Salt -- High Angle Holes -- Formation Evaluation -- Productivity Impairment -- Mud Handling Equipment -- References -- 2.Introduction to Completion Fluids -- Completion Fluid Selection -- Data Collection and Planning -- Corrosion Resistant Alloys -- Safety and the Environment -- Wellbore Cleanout -- Composition of Completion Fluids -- Clear Brine Fluids -- Monovalent Inorganic Brines -- Divalent Inorganic Brines -- Monovalent Organic Brines -- Brine Test Procedures -- Density -- Thermodynamic Crystallization Temperature -- Brine Clarity -- Contaminants -- References -- 3.Evaluating Drilling Fluid Performance -- Introduction -- LAB Sample Preparation -- Properties Measured -- Density -- Viscosity -- Gel Strength -- API Fluid Loss -- Determination of Gas, Oil, and Solids Content -- Gas Content -- Oil and Solids Content -- Do Not Use the API Retort with Formate Fluids -- The API Sand Test -- Sieve Tests -- Methylene Blue Adsorption -- Electrical Properties -- Stability of Water-in-Oil Emulsions -- Resistivity of Water Muds -- Hydrogen Ion Concentration (pH) -- Lubricity -- Differential-Pressure Sticking Test -- Corrosion Tests -- Flocculants -- Foams and Foaming Agents -- Rheological Properties of Foams -- Evaluation of Foaming Agents -- Aniline Point -- Chemical Analysis -- Chlorides -- Alkalinity and Lime Content -- Total Hardness: Calcium and Magnesium, Calcium, and Calcium Sulfate -- Sulfides -- Potassium -- Evaluation of Drilling Fluid Materials -- General Principles -- Aging at High Temperature -- References -- 4.Clay Mineralogy and the Colloid Chemistry of Drilling Fluids -- Introduction -- Characteristics of Colloidal Systems -- Clay Mineralogy -- The Smectites -- Illites -- Kaolinite -- Chlorites -- Mixed-Layer Clays -- Attapulgite -- Origin and Occurrence of Clay Minerals -- Ion Exchange -- Clay Swelling Mechanisms -- The Electrostatic Double Layer -- Particle Association -- Flocculation and Deflocculation -- Aggregation and Dispersion -- The Mechanism of Gelation -- Polymers -- References -- 5.Water-Dispersible Polymers -- Introduction -- Polymer Classification -- Polysaccharides -- Types of Polymers -- Guar Gum -- Starch -- Fermentation Biopolymers -- Cellulosics -- Synthetics -- References -- 6.The Rheology of Drilling Fluids -- Laminar Flow Regime -- Laminar Flow of Newtonian Fluids -- The Bingham Plastic Flow Model -- The Concentric Cylinder Rotary Viscometer -- Behavior of Drilling Fluids at Low Shear Rates -- The Effect of Thixotropy on Drilling Muds -- Pseudoplastic Fluids -- The Generalized Power Law -- Turbulent Flow Regime -- Turbulent Flow of Newtonian Liquids -- Turbulent Flow of Non-Newtonian Fluids -- The Onset of Turbulence -- Friction Reducers -- Influence of Temperature and Pressure on the Rheology of Drilling Fluids -- Application of Flow Equations to Conditions in the Drilling Well -- Flow Conditions in the Well -- Hydraulic Calculations Made at the Well -- Determining Pressure Gradient in the Drill Pipe -- Determining Pressure Gradient in the Annulus -- Rheological Properties Required for Optimum Performance -- Pumping Capacities -- Effect of Mud Properties on Bit Penetration Rate -- Hole Cleaning -- Optimum Annular Velocity -- Optimum Rheological Properties for Hole Cleaning -- Inclined Holes -- Release of Cuttings and Entrained Gas at the Surface -- Transient Borehole Pressures -- Practical Drilling Fluid Rheology -- Water-Based Muds -- Nonaqueous Drilling Fluids -- Annular Effective Viscosity -- Notation -- References -- 7.The Filtration Properties of Drilling Fluids -- Introduction -- Static Filtration -- The Theory of Static Filtration -- Relationship Between Filtrate Volume and Time -- Relationship Between Pressure and Filtrate Volume -- Relationship Between Temperature and Filtrate Volume -- The Filter Cake -- Cake Thickness -- Cake Thickness Test -- The Permeability of the Filter Cake -- The Effect of Particle Size and Shape on Cake Permeability -- Polymer Fluid Loss Agents -- Nonaqueous Fluid Loss -- Effect of Flocculation and Aggregation on Cake Permeability -- The Bridging Process -- Dynamic Filtration -- Filtration in the Borehole -- The Filtration Cycle in a Drilling Well -- Filtration Beneath the Bit -- Evaluation of Downhole Filtration Rates -- Notation -- References -- 8.The Surface Chemistry of Drilling Fluids -- Introduction -- Surface Tension -- Measurement of Surface Tension -- Wettability -- Capillarity and Wettability -- Surface Free Energy -- Adhesion -- Surfactants -- Emulsions -- Oil-Wetting Agents -- Foams -- Foams and Mists -- Defoamers -- Notation -- References -- 9.Wellbore Stability -- Introduction -- The Mechanics of Borehole Stability -- Brief Review of the Geology and Geophysics of Sedimentary Basins -- The Geostatic Gradient -- Hydrostatic Pore Pressure Gradients -- Abnormal or Geopressured Gradients -- The Behavior of Rocks Under Stress -- The Subsurface Stress Field -- Stresses Around a Borehole -- The Influence of Hydraulic Pressure Gradient on Hole Stability -- Occurrence of Plastic Yielding in the Field -- Brittle-Plastic Yielding -- Hole Enlargement -- Formations with No Cohesive Strength -- Coal Seams -- Hole Instability Caused by Interaction Between the Drilling Fluid and Shale Formations -- Adsorption and Desorption of Clays and Shales -- Hydration of the Borehole with Water-Based Drilling Fluids -- Brittle Shales -- Control of Borehole Hydration -- Nonaqueous Fluids and Wellbore Stability -- Cation Exchange Reactions -- Diffusion Osmosis and Methyl Glucoside -- Selection of Mud Type for Maintaining Borehole Stability -- Laboratory Tests -- Properties for Wellbore Stability by Water-Based Fluids -- Notation -- References -- 10.Drilling Problems Related to Drilling Fluids -- Introduction -- Drill String Torque and Drag -- Lubricants -- Differential Sticking of the Drill String -- Mechanism of Differential Sticking -- Prevention of Differential Sticking -- Freeing Stuck Pipe -- Slow Drilling Rate -- Laboratory Drilling Tests -- Static Chip Hold-Down Pressure -- Dynamic Chip Hold-Down Pressure -- Bottomhole Balling -- Bit Balling -- The Effect of Mud Properties on Drilling Rate -- Loss of Circulation -- Induced Fractures -- Natural Open Fractures -- Openings With Structural Strength -- Lost Circulation Materials -- Regaining Circulation -- Loss Into Structural Voids -- Losses Induced by Marginal Pressures -- Losses Caused by the Hydrostatic Pressure of the Mud Column Exceeding the Fracture Pressure -- Natural Open Fractures -- Wellbore Strengthening -- High Temperatures -- Geothermal Gradients -- High-Temperature Drilling Fluids -- Corrosion of Drill Pipe -- Electrochemical Reactions -- Stress Cracking -- Control of Corrosion -- Notation -- References -- 11.Completion, Workover, Packer, and Reservoir Drilling Fluids -- Introduction -- Expense Versus Value -- The Skin Effect -- Capillary Phenomena -- Permeability Impairment by Indigenous Clays -- Mechanism of Impairment by Indigenous Clays -- Effect of Base Exchange Reactions on Clay Blocking -- The Effect of pH -- Permeability Impairment by Particles From the Drilling Mud -- Occurrence of Mud Particle Damage in the Field -- Workover Wells -- Gravel Pack Operations -- Completion of Water Injection Wells -- Prevention of Formation Damage -- Completion Workover Procedures -- Selection of Completion and Workover Fluids -- Deepwater Completion Fluid Selection -- Solids-Free Brines -- Viscous Brines -- Water-Base Fluids Containing Oil-Soluble Organic Particles -- Acid-Soluble and Biodegradable Systems -- Fluids With Water-Soluble Solids -- An Oil-in-Water Emulsion for Gun Perforating -- Nonaqueous Fluids -- Tests for Potential Formation Damage by Completion Fluids -- Packer Fluids and Casing Packs -- Functions and Requirements -- Aqueous Packer Fluids -- Low-Solid Packer Fluids -- Clear Brines -- Brine Properties -- Oil-Base Packer Fluids and Casing Packs -- Reservoir Drilling Fluids -- Why a Special Reservoir Drilling Fluid? -- Cost Versus Value -- Reservoir Drilling Fluid Properties -- Fluid Types -- Fluid Design -- Formate Brines -- Formate Test Procedures -- Calcium Carbonate -- Drill Solids -- References -- 12.Introduction to Fracturing Fluids -- Introduction -- Fracturing Fluid Types -- Purpose of a Fracturing Fluid -- Fracturing Fluids Composition -- Basic Components and Additives -- Selecting a Fracturing Fluid System -- Water-Based -- Additives -- References -- 13.Drilling Fluid Components -- Introduction -- Summary of Additives -- Weighting Agents -- Barite (BaSO4) -- Iron Oxides---Fe2O3 -- Ilmenite (Fe-TiO2) -- Galena (PbO) -- Calcium Carbonate---CaCO3 -- Manganese Tetroxide -- Hollow Glass Microspheres -- Viscosity Modifiers -- pH Responsive Thickeners -- Mixed Metal Hydroxides/Silicates (MMH/MMS) -- Nonaqueous Gelling Agent -- Thinners -- Lost Circulation Additives -- Water Swellable Polymers -- Anionic Association Polymer -- Permanent Grouting -- Lubricants -- Polarized Graphite -- Ellipsodial Glass Granules -- Paraffins -- Olefins -- Phospholipids -- Alcohols -- Ethers and Esters -- Ethers and Esters -- Biodegradable Lubricants -- Clay and Shale Stabilizers -- Salts -- Quaternary Ammonium Salts -- Amine Salts of Maleic Imide -- Potassium Formate -- Saccharide Derivatives -- Sulfonated Asphalt -- Grafted Copolymers -- Poly(oxyalkylene Amine)s -- Anionic Polymers -- Shale Encapsulator -- Membrane Formation -- Formation Damage Prevention -- Surfactants -- and Contents note continued: Emulsifiers -- Invert Emulsions -- Breakers -- Drilling Fluid Systems -- Aphrons -- Low-Fluorescent Emulsifiers -- Bacteria Control -- Corrosion Inhibitors -- Oxygen Scavenger -- Hydrogen Sulfide Removal -- Special Additives for Water-Based Drilling Muds -- Improving the Thermal Stability -- Dispersants -- Synthetic Polymers -- Maleic Anhydride Copolymers -- Acrylics -- Amine Sulfide Terminal Moieties -- Polycarboxylates -- Allyloxybenzenesulfonate -- Sulfonated Isobutylene Maleic Anhydride Copolymer -- Modified Natural Polymers -- Special Additives for Nonaqueous Drilling Muds -- Poly(ether)cyclicpolyols -- Emulsifier for Deep Drilling -- Esters and Acetals -- Antisettling Properties -- Glycosides -- Wettability -- Surfactants -- Mud to Cement Conversion -- References -- 14.Drilling and Drilling Fluids Waste Management -- Introduction -- Drilling Wastes -- Minimizing Waste Problems -- Waste Disposal Options -- Slurry Fracture Injection -- Offshore Waste Disposal for NADFs -- Group I NABFs (High Aromatic Content) -- Group II NABFs (Medium Aromatic Content) -- Group III NABFs (Low to Negligible Aromatic Content) -- Offshore Discharge -- Onshore Disposal -- Evaluation of Fate and Effects of Drill Cuttings Discharge -- Initial Seabed Deposition -- Physical Persistence -- Benthic Impacts and Recovery -- Biodegradation and Organic Enrichment -- Chemical Toxicity and Bioaccumulation -- Recovery -- Laboratory Studies -- Characterization of NADF Biodegradability -- Standard Laboratory Biodegradation Tests -- ISO 11734 Modified for NADF Biodegradation -- The SOAEFD Solid Phase Test -- Simulated Seabed Studies -- Aquatic and Sediment Toxicity of Drilling Fluids -- Aquatic Toxicity and Regulations -- Characterization of NABF Bioaccumulation -- OGP Document Conclusions -- Waste Reduction and Recycling -- Prototype Small Footprint Drilling Rig -- Disappearing Roads -- NOx Air Emissions Studies -- Drilling Waste Management Website -- New Product R&D -- References -- US Waste Regulation Bibliography.
Subject(s):
ISBN:
9780128047514
0128047518
9780128050491
0128050497
Note:
TEXTBOOK--PROF. FOR DRILLING ENGINEERS.
Bibliography Note:
Includes bibliographical references and indexes.
Source of Acquisition:
Purchased with funds from the Paterno Libraries Endowment; 2016
Endowment Note:
Paterno Libraries Endowment
View MARC record | catkey: 19813786