Geospatial data infrastructure : concepts, cases, and good practice / edited by Richard Groot and John McLaughlin
- Published
- Oxford ; New York : Oxford University Press, 2000.
- Physical Description
- xxxii, 286 pages : illustrations, maps ; 25 cm.
- Additional Creators
- Groot, Richard and McLaughlin, John D.
- Series
- Contents
- WHO WANTS A GDI? / Lance McKee -- Synthesis of geospatial information with other information -- Mobile, wireless and location-aware devices -- Commerce in geospatial information products and services -- Geospatial becomes mundane -- The progress will be chaotic -- Two examples -- Shaping the inevitable commercial development of the GDI -- Effects on Society -- GDI FROM A LEGAL PERSPECTIVE / Jan Kabel -- Commercialization of public sector information -- Pros and cons -- What guidelines are available? -- Freedom of information -- Democratic access rights used for commercial purposes: different views -- A level playing field: unfair competition and commercialization of public information -- Protection of investments in geospatial databases -- Methods of protection -- The extraction right -- The other side: freedom of information versus protection of investments -- Privacy and protection of personal data -- Ratio and scope of protection -- Principles of protection -- Specific problems -- Free flow of personal data -- Liability of intermediaries -- FUNDING AN NGDI / David Rhind -- The definition of an NGDI -- The NGDI players -- The distribution of expenditures in an NGDI -- The cost of raw data capture or maintenance -- The cost of the physical infrastructure -- The cost of people -- Other costs -- So how much does NGDI cost currently? -- Who pays and how is the money raised? -- Different funding models -- Arguments for cost recovery by public sector bodies -- Arguments for dissemination of data at zero or copying cost by public bodies -- Measuring the benefits of an NGDI -- The global GDI -- THE ROLE OF STANDARDS IN SUPPORT OF GDI / Peter L. Croswell -- Developers of standards -- Overview of standards organizations -- National government organizations -- Independent standards bodies -- Industry consortia and trade associations -- Professional organizations -- Types of standards impacting GDI -- Hardware and physical connection standards -- Communication and network management standards -- Operating system software standards -- Core operating system issues -- System and network management -- Object management architectures -- User interface -- Data format, exchange and access -- Geospatial data exchange -- Attribute data access and exchange -- Programming and application development standards -- User design standards -- Database schemas -- Geospatial data coding and classification -- Geospatial metadata -- Map compilation and map accuracy standards -- Map presentation standards -- A practical context for adoption and implementation of standards --, QUALITY MANAGEMENT IN GDI / Mark Doucette and Chris Paresi -- The evolving GDI environment -- Integrity of GDI -- Lineage -- Consistency -- Completeness -- Semantic accuracy -- Temporal accuracy -- Positional accuracy -- Attribute accuracy -- Some issues of standards -- Users of geospatial data infrastructure -- Presentation issues relating to geospatial data infrastructure -- The international organization for standardization -- ANTICIPATING CULTURAL FACTORS OF GDI / Willem van den Toorn and Erik de Man -- The role of culture -- Cultural typology of recipient conditions -- Hofstede's 4D model -- Potential influence of culture on practices of geospatial data technologies -- GIS properties -- Cultural typology of regional groups of countries -- Matching recipient culture and GIS properties: an exploration of cultural desirability -- Culture's impact on the functionality of GIS: social desireability of the technology -- Desireability of GIS -- Feasibility of the introduction and implementation of geospatial data technologies -- THE FOUNDATION TECHNOLOGIES / Wolfgang Kainz -- System architecture -- Stand-alone computers -- Client-server architecture -- Computer networks -- Transmission media -- Twisted pair -- Coaxial cable -- Fibre optics -- Wireless transmission -- Network Hardware -- Local area networks (LANs) -- Wide area networks (WANs) -- Internetworks -- Network software -- Layer services -- The OSI reference model -- Physical layer -- Data link layer -- Network layer -- Transport layer -- Session layer -- Presentation layer -- Application layer -- THE TCP/IP reference model -- Internet layer -- Transport layer -- Application layer -- Comparison between the OSI and TCP/IP reference models -- The World Wide Web (WWW) -- Database technology -- Database architectures -- Data models -- Distributed databases -- Clearinghouses -- GDI ARCHITECTURES / Yaser Bishr and Mostafa Radwan -- Framework of data sharing -- Heterogeneity issues -- Interoperability and distributed systems -- Distributed systems -- The client-server model -- Interoperability defined -- Components of GDI architecture -- Local server -- Global server -- Multilevel server -- Clearinghouse component -- Local server -- The clearinghouse server -- Graphic user interface (GUI) -- Metadata -- Content of metadata -- Geospatial data service centre -- CONCEPTUAL TOOLS FOR SPECIFYING GEOSPATIAL DESCRIPTIONS / Martien Molenaar -- Geographic phenomena and geospatial data modelling -- Fields, objects and geometry -- Fields and rasters -- The geometry of rasters -- The geometry of geospatial objects -- Objects represented in rasters -- The vector structure -- Object hierarchies -- Terrain object classes and generalization hierarchies -- Aggregation hierarchies -- Object associations -- Object dynamics -- Object definitions and context --, and SPATIAL REFERENCING / Marco Hofman, Erik de Min, and Ruben Dood -- Datums -- The shape of the Earth -- Defining a local datum -- Height references -- Map projections -- Other reference systems -- The realization of a datum and a summary of geospatial data acquisition methods -- Realizing the datum -- Summary of geospatial data acquisition methods -- Dynamic positioning -- Towards GPS and a new positioning infrastructure -- Practical use of GPS -- Global positioning system -- Standard positioning service -- Pseudo-range differential GPS and the new dynamic spatial referencing infrastructure -- Carrier wave phase difference -- Dynamic positioning -- GLONASS -- PHOTOGRAMMETRY AND REMOTE SENSING IN SUPPORT OF GDI / Gottfried Konecny -- Remote sensing and photogrammetry -- Geospatial data infrastructure in relation to photogrammetry and remote sensing -- Sensors and platforms -- Vector data acquisition by map digitizing and photogrammetry -- Raster data acquisition by photogrammetry -- Digital elevation models by photogrammetry -- Thematic data acquistition by remote sensing -- Cadastral photogrammetry -- Cost considerations -- ACCESS TO GDI AND THE FUNCTION OF VISUALIZATION TOOLS / Menno-Jan Kraak -- Geospatial data before use -- Geospatial data during use -- Geospatial data after use -- Maps at work: online integration -- HUMAN RESOURCES ISSUES IN THE EMERGING GDI ENVIRONMENT / David Coleman, Richard Groot and John McLaughlin -- The challenges -- Economic pressures -- Technological advances -- Management and institutional issues -- Alternative approaches to meeting the challenges -- Undergraduate degree courses -- Trends in post-graduate courses at universities and other degree-granting international institutions -- College diploma courses -- FOUR CASES / David Finley, et al. -- Service New Brunswick: the modernization of a land information service -- Background information -- Developing the information infrastructure and building the database -- Standards -- Management structure -- Financial structure -- Stakeholder involvement -- Measurement of success -- GEOSPATIAL DATA INFRASTRUCTURE IN NORTH CAROLINA / Karen Siderelis -- Management structure -- Stakeholders -- Purpose of the geospatial data infrastructure -- Costs and financing -- Success factors -- THE PUBLIC SECTOR MAPPING AGENCIES OF AUSTRALIA / Don Grant -- Meeting a national need -- Task management -- Previous mapping procedures -- Future applications -- THE DUTCH CLEARINGHOUSE FOR GEOSPATIAL INFORMATION: CORNERSTONE OF THE NATIONAL GEOSPATIAL DATA INFRASTRUCTURE / Arnold Bregt -- Pioneer period (1995-1996) -- Project period (1996-1997) -- Institutionalizing period (1998- ) -- ADVANCING THE GDI CONCEPT / John McLaughlin and Richard Groot.
- Subject(s)
- ISBN
- 0198233817 (acid-free paper)
- Bibliography Note
- Includes bibliographical references and index.
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