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How Effective are the Interventions of the CDC's National Diabetes Prevention Program in Lowering HBA1C Levels and Weight Loss Percentages in Pre-Diabetics

Author
Porterfield, Shannon
Published
[University Park, Pennsylvania] : Pennsylvania State University, 2018.
Physical Description
1 electronic document
Additional Creators
Schreyer Honors College
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Open Access.
Summary
Type II diabetes affects 29 million Americans with 1.4 million newly diagnosed each year. The disease also accounts for $245 billion in health care expenses. However, it is a disease that can be stopped with preventative medicine. Although the presence of prevention programs for type II diabetes is increasing, the overall rates of the disease are not decreasing despite an increased presence of these programs alone. Research shows this is due to an inequality in the effectiveness of varying prevention programs. To determine the effectiveness of a single diabetes prevention program, this thesis seeks to answer how effective the CDCs National Diabetes Prevention Program is in decreasing HBA1C levels and weight loss percentages in pre-diabetics.To do this, a meta-analysis and calculation of effect size statistics was conducted to determine whether the interventions were effective. The effect sizes were calculated using sample size, means, proportions and standard deviations using the standardized mean difference effect size, as outlined in a study by DelliFraine and Danskys called Home-Based Telehealth: A Review and Meta-Analysis, which was published in 2008. Once the unbiased summaries of the studies were created, a random effects model was used to analyze the studies and interventions to determine if the interventions produced the desired results. Using the p-value to calculate probability and determine whether there is evidence to reject the null hypothesis, the effects model showed that p = 0.03 confirming that the results were statistically significant. This proves that the interventions outlined in the CDCs National Diabetes Prevention Program are effective in lowering HBA1C levels and weight loss percentages in pre-diabetics.
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Dissertation Note
B.S. Pennsylvania State University 2018.
Technical Details
The full text of the dissertation is available as an Adobe Acrobat .pdf file ; Adobe Acrobat Reader required to view the file.
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