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Reaching the quantum limit of sensitivity in electron spin resonance [electronic resource].

Published
Washington, D.C. : United States. Dept. of Energy. Office of Science, 2015.
Oak Ridge, Tenn. : Distributed by the Office of Scientific and Technical Information, U.S. Dept. of Energy
Physical Description
pages 253-257 : digital, PDF file
Additional Creators
Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, United States. Department of Energy. Office of Science, and United States. Department of Energy. Office of Scientific and Technical Information
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Summary
The detection and characterization of paramagnetic species by electron spin resonance (ESR) spectroscopy is widely used throughout chemistry, biology and materials science, from in vivo imaging to distance measurements in spin-labelled proteins. ESR relies on the inductive detection of microwave signals emitted by the spins into a coupled microwave resonator during their Larmor precession. However, such signals can be very small, prohibiting the application of ESR at the nanoscale (for example, at the single-cell level or on individual nanoparticles). Here in this work, using a Josephson parametric microwave amplifier combined with high-quality-factor superconducting microresonators cooled at millikelvin temperatures, we improve the state-of-the-art sensitivity of inductive ESR detection by nearly four orders of magnitude. We demonstrate the detection of 1,700 bismuth donor spins in silicon within a single Hahn echo with unit signal-to-noise ratio, reduced to 150 spins by averaging a single Carr-Purcell-Meiboom-Gill sequence. This unprecedented sensitivity reaches the limit set by quantum fluctuations of the electromagnetic field instead of thermal or technical noise, which constitutes a novel regime for magnetic resonance. In conclusion, the detection volume of our resonator is ~0.02nl, and our approach can be readily scaled down further to improve sensitivity, providing a new versatile toolbox for ESR at the nanoscale.
Report Numbers
E 1.99:1379135
Subject(s)
Note
Published through SciTech Connect.
12/14/2015.
"ark:/13030/qt2vs2n2vh"
Nature Nanotechnology 11 3 ISSN 1748-3387 AM
A. Bienfait; J. J. Pla; Y. Kubo; M. Stern; X. Zhou; C. C. Lo; C. D. Weis; T. Schenkel; M. L. W. Thewalt; D. Vion; D. Esteve; B. Julsgaard; K. Mølmer; J. J. L. Morton; P. Bertet.
Funding Information
AC02-05CH11231
View MARC record | catkey: 23503344