Actions for Toxicology in antiquity
Toxicology in antiquity / edited by Philip Wexler
- Published
- London, United Kingdom : Elsevier, Academic Press, 2019.
- Copyright Date
- ©2019
- Edition
- Second edition.
- Physical Description
- xxii, 487 pages : illustrations ; 23 cm.
- Additional Creators
- Wexler, Philip, 1950-
- Series
- Contents
- Machine generated contents note: 1.The Prehistory of Poison Arrows / Valentina Borgia -- 1.1.Introduction -- 1.2.What do Historical and Ethnographic Documents Tell Us? -- 1.3.What is the Current State of Research? -- 1.4.Conclusions -- References -- Further Reading -- 2.Beetle and Plant Arrow Poisons of the San People of Southern Africa / Lyn Wadley -- 2.1.Introduction -- 2.2.Materials and Methods -- 2.3.Results -- 2.4.Discussion -- 2.5.Conclusions -- Acknowledgments -- References -- Further Reading -- 3.Toxicology in Ancient Egypt / W. Benson Harer Jr. -- 3.1.Introduction -- 3.2.Snakes as Described in the Brooklyn Papyrus -- 3.3.Scorpions -- 3.4.Tetanus -- 3.5.Plant and Mineral Toxins -- References -- 4.The Death of Cleopatra: Suicide by Snakebite or Poisoned by Her Enemies? / Markos Sgantzos -- 4.1.Cleopatra's Ancestry and Historical Background of the Era -- 4.2.Cleopatra's Reign. Her Downfall and Her Death -- 4.3.Epilogue -- References -- 5.Kohl Use in Antiquity: Effects on the Eye / S.W. Ahmed -- 5.1.Introduction -- 5.2.Protective Effect Against UV Radiation -- 5.3.Antimicrobial Action and Biomedical Importance -- References -- 6.Nicander, Theriaka, and Akxipharmaka: Venoms, Poisons, and Literature / Alain Touwaide -- 6.1.The Theriaka -- 6.2.The Akxipharmaka -- 6.3.The Nicandrean Question -- 6.4.Ancient Toxicology -- 6.5.Venoms, Poisons, and Art -- Reference -- 7.The Case Against Socrates and His Execution / Alain Touwaide -- 7.1.Introduction -- 7.2.Historical Literature -- 7.3.Hemlock in Ancient Scientific Literature -- 7.4.Modern Pharmacological Analysis -- 7.5.Toward a Renewed Interpretation -- 7.6.Conclusion -- References -- 8.Murder, Execution, and Suicide in Ancient Greece and Rome / Alain Touwaide -- Further Reading -- 9.The Oracle at Delphi: The Pythia and the Pneuma, Intoxicating Gas Finds, and Hypotheses / Jelle Z. De Boer -- References -- Further Reading -- 10.Alexander the Great: A Questionable Death / Adrienne Mayor -- 10.1.Alexander's Last Days -- 10.2.Modern Theories of Natural Causes -- 10.3.Modern Theories of Poisoning -- 10.4.The Styx River Poison Plot -- References -- 11.Mithridates of Pontus and His Universal Antidote / Adrienne Mayor -- 11.1.Influences -- 11.2.Pharmacological and Toxic Riches -- 11.3.Avoiding Assassination by Poison -- 11.4.The Secret Antidote -- 11.5.Mithridatium's Legacy -- References -- 12.Theriaca Magna: The Glorious Cure-All Remedy / George Androutsos -- 12.1.Introduction -- 12.2.Theriac in Antiquity -- 12.3.Theriac in the Medieval Period -- 12.4.Theriac in the Renaissance -- 12.5.Conclusion -- References -- 13.The Gates to Hell in Antiquity and their Relation to Geogenic CO2 Emissions / Antonio Raschi -- 13.1.Introduction -- 13.2.Why Enter the Realm of the Shadows? -- 13.3.The Geologic Background -- 13.4.The Physicochemical Properties of CO2 -- 13.5.The Biological, Medical, and Physiological Background -- 13.6.The Known Sites of the Ancient Gates to Hell -- 13.7.Gates of Hell---Magna Graecia---Asia Minor---Greece (Hellas)---A Synopsis -- 13.8.The Historical Relevance -- Acknowledgments -- References -- Further Reading -- 14.Lead Poisoning and the Downfall of Rome: Reality or Myth? / Francois Retief -- 14.1.The Lead Industry in Ancient Rome -- 14.2.The Effect of Lead on Humans -- 14.3.Clinical Picture of Lead Toxicity (Relief and Cilliers, 2000) -- 14.4.Archeological Determination of Lead Toxicity -- 14.5.Occurrence of Lead Toxicity -- 14.6.Discussion -- References -- Further Reading -- 15.Poisons, Poisoners, and Poisoning in Ancient Rome / Francois Retief -- 15.1.Sources -- 15.2.Poisons -- 15.3.Poisons Used -- 15.4.Incidents of Poisoning During the Roman Republic -- 15.5.Poisoners and Incidents of Poisoning During the Empire -- 15.6.Conclusion -- References -- 16.Chemical and Biological Warfare in Antiquity / Adrienne Mayor -- 16.1.The Concept of Toxic Weaponry in Greco-Roman and Indian Mythology -- 16.2.Poisons From Plants in Historical Warfare -- 16.3.Snake Venom Arrows -- 16.4.Plague and Contagion -- 16.5.Poisoning Water Sources and Food Supplies -- 16.6.Venomous Insects, Snakes, and Scorpions -- 16.7.Aerosol and Incendiary Weapons -- 16.8.Practical Issues and Ethical Qualms -- References -- 17.Asclepius and the Snake as Toxicological Symbols in Ancient Greece and Rome / George Androutsos -- References -- 18.Anthropogenic Air Pollution in Ancient Times / Laszlo Makra -- 18.1.Pollution of the Environment in Ancient Times -- 18.2.Lead in Ancient Times -- 18.3.Copper in Ancient Times -- 18.4.Environmental Awareness in Ancient Israel -- Acknowledgments -- References -- 19.Poisoning in Ancient Rome: Images and Rules / Giunio Rizzelli -- 19.1.Veneficium and Legal Terminology -- 19.2.Perpetrators, Trials, Stereotypes -- 19.3.Training for the Courts -- 19.4.Jurists and the Interpretation of Laws -- Further Reading -- 20."Gleaming and Deadly White": Toxic Cosmetics in the Roman World / Susan Stewart -- 20.1.A Fair Complexion -- 20.2.Rouge -- 20.3.Eye Make-Up -- 20.4.Hair Removers -- References -- Further Reading -- 21.Cherchez la Femme: Three Infamous Poisoners of Ancient Rome / Louise Cilliers -- 21.1.Stereotypes -- 21.2.Sources -- 21.3.Incidents of Poisoning in Which the Three Infamous Women Were Involved: Locusta -- 21.4.Martina -- 21.5.Canidia -- 21.6.Identification of Poisons -- 21.7.A Forensic Investigation -- 21.8.Conclusion -- References -- Further Reading -- 22.Did Hannibal Really Poison Himself? / Francesco M. Galassi -- References -- 23.Drugs, Suppositories, and Cult Worship in Antiquity / David Hillman -- 23.1.Introduction -- 23.2.Drugs and Cults -- 23.3.Bacchants and Viper Venom -- 23.4.Ancient Vaginal Suppositories -- 23.5.Drugs and Sexuality -- 23.6.Aphrodisiac Suppositories and Magic -- 23.7.Conclusion -- References -- 24.Entheogens in Ancient Times: Wine and the Rituals of Dionysus / Carl A.P. Ruck -- References -- 25.Entheogens (Psychedelic Drugs) and the Ancient Mystery Religions / Mark A. Hoffman -- 25.1.Pharmacological Roots of Religion -- 25.2.Hermeneutics and a Definition of Terms -- 25.3.Toxicology -- 25.4.Sources, Chemistry, and Effects -- References -- Further Reading -- 26.Ancient Mystery Initiation: Toxic Priestesses and Vaginal Communion / David Hillman -- 26.1.Introduction -- 26.2.Toxic Priestesses and their Mystery Rites -- 26.3.Colleges of Echidnae -- 26.4.Communal Ios-Rite -- 26.5.The Science Behind the Ritual -- 26.6.A Combination of Poisons and Antidotes -- 26.7.Identifying Drugs Used in the Ios-Rite -- 26.8.Medea the First Toxic Priestess -- 26.9.Toxic Plants and Animals Used in Medea's Ios-Rite -- 26.10.Medea's Antidote as Medicine -- 26.11.Christian Ios Rites -- 26.12.Toxicological Questions -- 26.13.Conclusion -- References -- 27.Harmful Botanicals / Alain Touwaide -- 27.1.Classical Toxicology -- 27.2.Sources and Data -- 27.3.Analysis -- 27.4.Historical Importance of Ancient Toxicology -- 27.5.Conclusion -- References -- 28.Pearl, An Ancient Antidote of Eastern Origin / Maria D.S. Barroso -- 28.1.Eastern Cradle -- 28.2.Organic Origin and Chemical Composition -- 28.3.Pearls in Indian and Chinese Medicine -- 28.4.Pearls in Western Medicine -- 28.5.Pearls and Modern Chemistry -- 28.6.Conclusion -- Acknowledgments -- References -- 29.Rhetoric, Demons, and the Poisoner's Tongue in Judaism and Early Christianity / John F. Defelice -- 29.1.The Hebrew Bible -- 29.2.Knowledge of Venomous Dangers -- 29.3.Poisonous Plants and Poisonous Water -- 29.4.Poison and Wormwood -- 29.5.The New Testament -- References -- Further Reading -- 30.Poisonous Medicine in Ancient China / Yan Liu -- 30.1.Etymology of Du -- 30.2.Du in Chinese Pharmacology -- 30.3.Aconite, the Power to Cure -- 30.4.Aconite, the Power to Kill -- 30.5.From Du to Pharmakon -- References -- 31.Toxicity of Ayurvedic Medicines and Safety Concerns: Ancient and Modern Perspectives / P. Rammanohar -- 31.1.Introduction -- 31.2.Criteria for Incorporation of a Novel and Unknown Substance into the Ayurvedic Pharmacopeia -- 31.3.Conclusion -- References -- 32.The Venomous Virgin: Fact or Fantasy? / Michael Slouber -- 32.1.Susrutasanemies may at -- 32.2.Secretum Secretorum -- 32.3.Other Versions -- 32.4.Conclusion -- References -- 33.Mushroom Intoxication in Mesoamerica / Suzanne De Borhegyi-Forrest -- References.
- Subject(s)
- Genre(s)
- ISBN
- 0128153393
9780128153390 - Bibliography Note
- Includes bibliographical references and index.
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