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Effects of Oxygen Concentration, Diluents, and Pressure on Ignition and Flame-Spread Rates of Nonmetals : A Review Paper / DB. Hirsch, RL. Bunker, D. Janoff

Conference Author
Flammability and Sensitivity of Materials in Oxygen-Enriched Atmospheres: Fifth Volume (5th : 1991 : Cocoa Beach, FL)
Physical Description
1 online resource (12 pages) : illustrations, figures, tables
Additional Creators
Bunker, RL., Hirsch, DB., Janoff, D., American Society for Testing and Materials, and ASTM International
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Summary
The literature reviewed indicates that oxygen concentration, diluents, and pressure in combustion-test environments can influence the ignition and flame-spread rates of nonmetals. Increased oxygen concentrations result in easier ignition and higher flame-spread rates. The flame-spread rate is generally a non-linear function of oxygen concentration, indicating that different processes are controlling combustion at different oxygen concentrations. The effect of oxygen concentration is higher at the minimum conditions required for ignition and at near-extinction conditions. Diluents affect the ignition and flame-spread rates in oxygen/diluent mixtures due to their effects on the thermal conductivity, specific heat, and diffusivity of the mixtures. Helium, which has a higher thermal conductivity than nitrogen, was shown to be a better inhibitor of ignition processes. Nitrogen/oxygen environments, which have higher heat capacity and lower diffusivity than helium/oxygen mixtures, generally result in lower flame-spread rates. The data also indicates that increased test pressures generally result in easier ignition and higher flame-spread rates. However, higher pressures can affect ignition and flamespread in opposing ways by affecting the gas-phase kinetics of the combustion process. The effects of test pressure are more pronounced at minimum conditions for ignition or at near-extinction conditions.
Dates of Publication and/or Sequential Designation
Volume 1991, Issue 1111 (January 1991)
Subject(s)
Other Subject(s)
ISBN
9780803151703 (e-ISBN)
9780803114616
0803114613
Digital File Characteristics
text file PDF
Bibliography Note
Includes bibliographical references 35.
Other Forms
Also available online via the World Wide Web. Tables of contents and abstracts freely available; full-text articles available by subscription.
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Also available in PDF edition.
Reproduction Note
Electronic reproduction. W. Conshohocken, Pa. : ASTM International, 1991. Mode of access: World Wide Web. System requirements: Web browser. Access may be restricted to users at subscribing institutions.
Technical Details
Mode of access: World Wide Web.
Source of Acquisition
ASTM International PDF Purchase price USD25.
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