Prediction of Environmental Pollutant Concentration / GL. Baughman, RR. Lassiter

Author:: Lassiter, RR.
Published:: West Conshohocken, Pa. : ASTM International, 1978.
Physical Description:: 1 online resource (20 pages) : illustrations, figures, tables
Additional Creators:: Baughman, GL., American Society for Testing and Materials, and ASTM International

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Summary:

An accurate estimate of the environmental concentration of a chemical substance resulting from its manufacture, use, and disposal is essential to any organized hazard assessment program. This estimate of dose can then be used in combination with results from laboratory-derived toxicity tests to assess the associated risks to aquatic species. In following this approach, one must consider what the environment does to the pollutant rather than the reverse. Chemical transformations of a pollutant can take many routes, several of the more significant being ionization as typified by simple acid-base equilibria, hydrolysis, photolysis, microbial degradation, volatilization, and partitioning (sorption). In general, first-order equations can be used to estimate each of these reaction rates using expressions that involve a term for the aqueous concentration and a function of some property of the environment such as pH, turbulence, or microbial population size. These major processes are identifiable, experimentally manageable, and can be arranged easily into differential equations expressing the net rate of change under given conditions. By specifying realistic ranges of these environmental properties, an analysis of pollutant changes can be carried out for a wide variety of aquatic environments. Such evaluative models of environmental processes as they affect pollutant behavior have been used to model successfully the aqueous concentration and fate of several pesticide formulations. This approach is useful since it incorporates the dynamics of no real environment but is based on the properties of stylized environments for which we can mathematically specify rather than measure inputs. This modeling approach can ultimately be improved as better understanding of its underlying concepts develops and as our knowledge of environmental processes improves.

Dates of Publication and/or Sequential Designation:

Volume 1978, Issue 657 (January 1978)

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ISBN:

0803103360
9780803103368
9780803147263 (e-ISBN)

Digital File Characteristics:

text file PDF

Bibliography Note:

Includes bibliographical references 39.

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Also available in PDF edition.
Also available online via the World Wide Web. Tables of contents and abstracts freely available; full-text articles available by subscription.
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Reproduction Note:

Electronic reproduction. W. Conshohocken, Pa. : ASTM International, 1978. Mode of access: World Wide Web. System requirements: Web browser. Access may be restricted to users at subscribing institutions.

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Mode of access: World Wide Web.

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ASTM International PDF Purchase price USD25.

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