Machine generated contents note: 1.Introduction--Historiography of Reform and Tradition -- Jadidism and Historiography -- Eighteenth-Century Reformism -- Tradition and Institutions -- The Current Study -- 2.An cMim in the Russian Empire -- Sharfa and the `Ulamd' -- Tsarist Rule, Persecution, and Tolerance -- Sanction and Scholarship -- Bukhara -- The Spiritual Assembly -- Conflicts in Bulghar Islam -- 3.An Epistemological Critique -- Postclassical Scholarship -- Reforming the Scholarly Tradition -- 4.Ijtihad and the Function of Legal Theory -- Qursawf's Conception of Ijtihad -- The Prevalence of Taqlld -- The Social Function of Ijtihad -- 5.The Question of the Divine Attributes -- Qursawfs Critique -- Divine Transcendence -- Orthodoxy and Condemnation -- 6.Postclassical Kalam -- Wujudi Influence -- Approaching Sirhindl -- Qursawi as Mutakallim -- 7.Reform Within the Scholarly Tradition -- Eighteenth-Century Reformism -- A Response to Tsarist Rule -- 8.Modernity -- Disembedding and Individualism -- Secularity -- Modern Reformism -- 9.The Transformation of the Religious Environment -- Reforming Muslim Education -- Printing -- The Fragmentation of Authority -- Jadidism and the Post-1905 Religious Environment -- 10.Conclusion--Separating Qursawl and Jadidism.
