The environmental case : translating values into policy / Judith A. Layzer, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Sara Rinfret, University of Montana
- Author:
- Layzer, Judith A.
- Published:
- Thousand Oaks, California : CQ Press, an imprint of SAGE Publications, Inc, [2020]
- Edition:
- Fifth Edition.
- Physical Description:
- xx, 644 pages : illustrations, maps ; 24 cm
- Additional Creators:
- Rinfret, Sara R.
- Contents:
- Machine generated contents note: Two Critical Features of U.S. Environmental Policymaking -- The Clash of Values at the Heart of Environmental Policymaking -- How Activists Define Problems and Characterize Their Solutions to Gain Political Support -- Major Actors in Environmental Policymaking -- Government Decision Makers -- Actors Outside of Government -- The Environmental Policymaking Process -- Policy Windows and Major Policy Change -- The Role of Policy Entrepreneurs in "Softening Up" and "Tipping" -- The Importance of Process and History -- Changing Policy Gradually -- Case Selection -- Regulating Polluters -- History, Changing Values, and Natural Resource Management -- New Issues, New Politics -- Getting the Most Out of the Cases -- Notes -- ch. 2 The Nation Tackles Air and Water Pollution: The Environmental Protection Agency and the Clean Air and Clean Water Acts -- Background -- Early Efforts to Address Air Pollution -- Early Efforts to Address Water Pollution -- The Case -- Environmentalism Becomes a Popular Cause -- Celebrating Earth Day 1970 -- The Polls Confirm a Shift in Public Opinion -- Politicians Respond -- Implementation: Idealism Tempered -- The 1977 Clean Air and Water Act Amendments: Relaxing the Law -- More Significant Challenges to the EPA and the Clean Air and Clean Water Acts -- Outcomes -- Conclusions -- Questions to Consider -- Notes -- ch. 3 Love Canal: Hazardous Waste and the Politics of Fear -- Background -- The Case -- The City of Niagara Falls Stonewalls -- The Local Media Raise Residents' Concerns -- Assessing (and Avoiding) Blame -- The National Media Expand the Scope of the Conflict -- The Outer Ring Residents Are Left Behind -- Experts Versus Citizens -- Health Studies Breed Panic and More Publicity -- Figuring Out Who Will Pay -- The Final Evacuation -- Outcomes -- The Superfund Law -- Remediation and Resettlement of Love Canal -- Conclusions -- Questions to Consider -- Notes -- ch. 4 Ecosystem-Based Management in the Chesapeake Bay -- Background -- The Case -- The 1980s and 1990s: Holding the Line -- 2000-2014: New Agreements -- Outcomes -- Conclusions -- Questions to Consider -- Notes -- ch. 5 Market-Based Solutions: Acid Rain and the Clean Air Act Amendments of 1990 -- Background -- The Case -- The Emerging Scientific Consensus on Acid Rain -- Crafting and Disseminating a Compelling Story About Acid Rain -- Resistance to Acid Rain Controls in the Reagan Administration -- Congressional Divisions in the Reagan Years -- Acid Rain's Rising Salience -- Prospects for Controls Improve in the Bush Administration -- Implementing the Acid Rain Provisions -- Outcomes -- The Economic Impacts of Title IV -- The Ecological Impacts of Title IV -- New Research Spurs Calls for More Controls -- Conclusions -- Questions to Consider -- Notes -- ch. 6 Oil Versus Wilderness in the Arctic National Wildlife Refuge -- Background -- A History of Resource Exploitation in Alaska -- The Trans-Alaska Pipeline Controversy -- The Alaska National Interest Lands Conservation Act (ANILCA) -- The Case -- The ANWR Coalitions -- The Battle to Frame the Problem, 1986-1992 -- The Political Contest, 1986-1992 -- ANWR Proposals on the Quiet, 1993-1999 -- The 2000 Presidential Campaign and President Bush's Energy Policy -- Obama Legacy -- Outcomes -- Conclusions -- Questions to Consider -- Notes -- ch. 7 Federal Grazing Policy: Some Things Never Change -- Background -- Introducing Grazing in the West -- The Origins of Grazing Regulation -- Grazing Policy Controversies, 1940 Through the Late 1960s -- The Case -- Environmentalists' Arguments -- Ranchers' Resistance to Reform -- The Federal Land Policy Management Act -- The Carter Administration, 1977-1981 -- The Reagan Administration, 1981-1989 -- The George H. W. Bush Administration, 1989-1993 -- The Early Clinton Years, 1993-1994 -- The Republican Congress Retaliates, 1995-1997 -- Administrative Policymaking Redux -- Outcomes -- Conclusions -- Questions to Consider -- Notes -- ch. 8 Jobs Versus the Environment: Saving the Northern Spotted Owl -- Background -- The Case -- Land Managers Try to Solve the Problem Quietly, Locally -- The Emerging Science of Owls and Old-Growth Forests -- The Forest Service Region 6 Guide -- Pressure Mounts to List the Owl as Endangered -- Interest Group Confrontations: Lawsuits and Public Relations Campaigns -- The Region's Elected Officials Get Involved -- The Thomas Committee Report -- The Argument Shifts to Economic Costs -- Congress Takes Up the Issue -- The Crisis Escalates -- The Northwest Forest Plan -- The Timber Salvage Rider -- The Bush Administration Relaxes Timber Harvest Restrictions -- Outcomes -- Conclusions -- Questions to Consider -- Notes -- ch. 9 Playground or Paradise? Snowmobiles in Yellowstone National Park -- Background -- The Origins of Yellowstone National Park -- The National Park Service Is Born -- The Case -- Allowing Snowmobiles in Yellowstone -- The Origins of the Snowmobile Ban -- Competing to Define the Problem in the Snowmobile Debate -- Motorized Recreation Versus Protection -- The Evolution of the Snowmobile Ban -- A New Ideology and a New Rule -- Legal Challenges -- Outcomes -- Conclusions -- Questions to Consider -- Notes -- ch. 10 Crisis and Recovery in the New England Fisheries -- Background -- The Case -- Scientists' Assessments of New England's Groundfish -- Establishing a "Cooperative" Management Regime -- Devising a Multispecies Groundfish Fishery Management Plan -- The Conservation Law Foundation Lawsuit and Amendment 5 -- Scientists Issue Another Warning-and Groundfish Stocks Crash -- Amendment 7 and Contrasting Definitions of the Problem -- The Focus Shifts to Gulf of Maine Cod -- Amendment 9 and a Second Lawsuit -- Adopting a Sector-Based Approach -- Outcomes -- Conclusions -- Questions to Consider -- Notes -- ch. 11 The Deepwater Horizon Disaster: The High Cost of Offshore Oil -- Background -- The Case -- Drilling and Cementing the Macondo Well -- The Disaster -- Responding to the Spill -- Investigating the Accident, Pointing Fingers -- Outcomes -- Policy and Political Consequences -- The Ecological Impacts -- Impacts on Deepwater Drilling in the Gulf-and BP -- Conclusions -- Questions to Consider -- Notes -- ch. 12 Climate Change: The Crisis of Our Time -- Background -- The Case -- International Concern Leads to an Intergovernmental Panel -- The Bush Administration Demurs -- The Clinton Administration: Hopes for U.S. Leadership Bloom and Fade -- Defining the Climate Change Problem in the United States -- The Kyoto Protocol -- Promoting the Kyoto Protocol Back Home -- The Hague, 2000 -- The George W. Bush Presidency -- Climate Change Science Solidifies -- The Obama Administration: The Greatest Threat to Our Future -- Paris Climate Agreement and United States Policy -- Outcomes -- Conclusions -- Questions to Consider -- Notes -- ch. 13 Cape Wind: If Not Here, Where? If Not Now, When? -- Background -- The Case -- The Cape Wind Proposal -- Opposition to Cape Wind Forms -- Cape Wind's Defenders Fight Back -- The Tortuous Permitting Process Begins -- Cape Wind Gains Ground Despite Setbacks -- Obtaining Permits From the State -- Moving Toward a Federal Permit -- Outcomes -- Conclusions -- Questions to Consider -- Notes -- ch. 14 Fracking Wars: Local and State Responses to Unconventional Shale Gas Development -- Background -- The Case -- Weighing the Pros and Cons of Fracking in New York -- Enacting a Ban in Dryden -- The State Enacts a Ban of Its Own -- Outcomes -- Conclusions -- Questions to Consider -- Notes -- ch. 15 Making Trade-Offs: Urban Sprawl and the Evolving System of Growth Management in Portland, Oregon -- Background -- The Case -- Regional Planning in the Portland Metropolitan Area -- Transportation Planning -- Development Rules -- The Results of Planning -- Institutionalizing Civic Engagement in Portland -- Trouble in Paradise: Measures 7 and 37 -- Outcomes -- Conclusions -- Questions to Consider -- Notes -- ch. 16 Post-Katrina: Lessons From a Disaster -- Background -- The Case -- Disaster Strikes -- The Aftermath -- What Happened, and Why? -- Rebuilding and Conflicting Ideas About Restoration -- Outcomes -- Conclusions -- Questions to Consider -- Notes -- ch. 17 Conclusions: Politics, Values, and Environmental Policy Change -- The Strength of the Status Quo -- Legislative Policy Change -- The Importance of Building Coalitions -- The Crucial Role of Leadership -- Using Information to Define Problems -- Administrative Policy Change -- The Courts -- Ecosystem-Scale Collaboration and Nonregulatory Approaches -- Acknowledging the Role of Values -- Notes.
- Subject(s):
- Genre(s):
- ISBN:
- 9781506396965 (Paperback : alk. paper)
1506396968 (Paperback : alk. paper) - Bibliography Note:
- Includes bibliographical references and index.
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