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Turkey's difficult journey to democracy : two steps forward, one step back / Ilter Turan

Author
Turan, İlter
Published
Oxford : Oxford University Press, 2015.
Edition
First edition.
Physical Description
1 online resource
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Contents
Machine generated contents note: The Conundrum of "Late" Democratization -- What is a Democracy? -- How Does a Democracy Become a Democracy? -- Modernization Theory -- Democracy and Capitalist Development -- Externally Stimulated "Late" Democratization -- Democratization in an International Setting -- Problems of Externally Stimulated "Late" Democratization -- "Late" Democratization, Economic Development, and Democratic Consolidation -- Socioeconomic Development and Democratization -- Industrial Development -- Civil Society -- Growth of Individualism -- Market Economy -- The Rule of Law -- Weight of History or Path Dependence -- Consolidation or Democracy's Deepening and Maturing -- Security or Prosperity -- The Ottoman Legacy -- Challenges to the Absolutist Monarchy -- The Birth of Constitutional Monarchy -- The Second Constitutional Period (1908-1918) -- Ottoman Democratization: A Case of Failure -- The Legacy Of The Early Republic -- The Nationalist Movement and the Opening of the Grand National Assembly -- Single-Party Rule -- The Progressive Republican Party -- Achieving the Background Conditions of Democracy -- Atatürk's Reforms: Regime Consolidation and Nation Building -- The Construction of the Turkish State -- The Free Republican Party -- Controlled Opposition: The Independent Group -- Concluding Observations -- The Second World War as a Trigger for Political Change -- The Extractive Bureaucratic State and the War -- Background to the Emergence of Opposition -- The Opposition Takes Shape -- The Transition to Political Competition -- The Multi-Party Period Gets Under Way -- From Partial to More Competitive Politics -- Diversity in Unity -- The Road to Free and Fair Elections -- Centrally Directed Democratic Change -- The First Democratic Experiment, 1950-1960 -- Democrats Ambivalent about Democracy -- The Rule of the Colonels -- Rebuilding and Failing in Democratic Politics: 1961-1980 -- Return to Electoral Politics -- The Indirect Intervention of the Military: 1971-1973 -- Politics of Instability: The Coalition Years of 1973-1980 -- Electoral Cycles, Fragmentation, and Polarization -- An Intervention to End All Interventions -- The Background -- The September 12,1980 Intervention -- Reconstructing Turkey's Competitive Politics: Searching for Stability -- Projecting the Oversight of the Military into the Future -- The Military and Elected Politicians: The Pendulum Swings Back and Forth -- Declining Support for the Political Role of the Military -- The Coming of Civilian Control -- Ending the Possibility of Military Interventions: The Trials of the Generals -- Discussion -- Achieving the Background Conditions -- Political Community and National Unity -- Increasing Relevance of Government in Public Life -- Economic Change and its Political Consequences: 1950-1980 -- From Enlivening of the Economy to Economic and Political Crisis -- The Political Economy of Import Substitution Oriented Industrialization (1960-1980) -- The Rise of the Operating Market Economy -- A Case of Recidivism -- The Coming of the Conservative Liberals -- Socioeconomically Transformed Society and Democracy -- The Expansion of Civil Society -- The International Dimension of Turkey's Democratization -- The Challenges to Democratization -- The Problems of Cultural Bifurcation -- Cultural Bifurcation Derived Pathologies of Turkish Democracy -- Securitization -- Majoritarianism and Anti-Pluralism -- The Mirror Image Behavior Problem -- Other Pathologies -- Authoritarian Leadership and Lack of Intra-Party Democracy -- The High Cost of Being Out of Power -- The Challenge of Ethnic Pluralism -- The Ascent of Questions of Economic Prosperity -- Democratic Deepening and Maturing -- Partly Fulfilled Aspirations -- Two Steps Forward, One Step Back -- The Road to a More Democratic Turkey -- Growing Authoritarianism of the Prime Minister -- The Role of the President in the Current Constitution -- The Presidential Election -- Turkey's Democracy: Quo Vadis?.
Summary
This study examines Turkey's early transition to democracy when its history and level of development did not suggest it to be likely. Noting modernisation theories assumed socioeconomic development preceded democratisation, it asks two questions: whether an underdeveloped society that adopts democratic rule can sustain it while achieving socioeconomic development, and whether democracy deepens and matures with such development. Tracing Turkey's democratisation, it argues that satisfactory socioeconomic development has been achieved, but democracy's deepening and maturing has proved difficult.
Subject(s)
ISBN
9780191799341 (ebook)
Bibliography Note
Includes bibliographical references and index.
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