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Crystalline materials for actinide immobilisation / Boris E. Burakov, Michael I. Ojovan, William (Bill) E. Lee

Author
Burakov, Boris E.
Published
London : Imperial College Press, [2011]
Hackensack, NJ : Distributed by World Scientific Pub. Co.
Copyright Date
©2011
Physical Description
1 online resource (xvi, 197 pages) : illustrations (some color).
Additional Creators
Ojovan, Michael I. and Newton-Lanes, William, 1883 or 1884-1915
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Series
Language Note
English.
Contents
1. Introduction to the actinides. 1.1. Actinide series. 1.2. Natural actinides and minerals. 1.3. Artificial actinides. 1.4. Actinide host-phases -- 2. Current and potential actinide applications. 2.1. Advanced nuclear fuel cycle. 2.2. Inert Pu ceramic fuel. 2.3. Sealed radioactive sources. 2.4. Self-glowing materials. 2.5. Transmutation targets. 2.6. Summary -- 3. Waste actinide immobilisation. 3.1. Ceramic nuclear wasteforms : historical overview. 3.2. Titanate-based ceramics. 3.3. Phosphate-based ceramics. 3.4. Ceramics based on zirconium and hafnium minerals. 3.5. Garnet/perovskite. 3.6. Summary -- 4. Synthesis methods. 4.1. Precursor fabrication. 4.2. Hot Uniaxial Pressing (HUP). 4.3. Hot Isostatic Pressing (HIP). 4.4. Pressing-sintering. 4.5. Melting-crystallisation. 4.6. Self-sustaining (Self-propagating) high temperature reactions. 4.7. Single crytal growth. 4.8. Summary -- 5. Examination of highly radioactive samples. 5.1. XRD analysis. 5.2. SEM and EPMA. 5.3. Cathodoluminescence. 5.4. Optical microscopy. 5.5. Mechanical durability. 5.6. Leach and alteration tests -- 6. Radiation damage. 6.1. Ion-irradiation. 6.2. Doping with [symbol]Pu and [symbol]Cm. 6.3. Main points from self-irradiation/radiation damage studies -- 7. What is the future? 7.1. Safety issues. 7.2. Burning (transmutation option). 7.3. Disposal of waste actinides. 7.4. Performance of actinides in disposal environment. 7.5. Conclusions.
Summary
This book summarises approaches and current practices in actinide immobilisation using chemically-durable crystalline materials such as ceramics and monocrystals. As a result of the increasing worldwide growth of the nuclear industry, long-lived [symbol]-emitting actinides such as Pu, Np, Am and Cm are fast becoming a serious environmental concern - actinide-bearing wastes have accumulated in different countries due to nuclear weapons production. On the other hand, as actinides are chemical elements with unique properties they could be beneficially used for humankind in areas such as medicine and technology. Durable actinide-containing materials are attractive for various applications. These include in chemically-inert sources of [symbol]-irradiation used for a variety of functions such as energy sources for unmanned space vehicles and microelectronic devices, as well as hosts for nuclear waste and in nuclear fuels to burn excess Pu. Unfortunately, there is currently no appropriate balance between safe actinide disposal and use, even though both processes require their immobilisation in a durable host material. Thus, the choice of an optimal actinide immobilisation route is often a great challenge for specialists. Although a wealth of information exists about actinide properties in many publications, little has been published summarising currently accepted approaches and practices for actinide immobilisation. Crystalline Materials for Actinide Immobilisation fills this gap using information based on the authors' first-hand experience and studies in nuclear materials management and actinide immobilisation.
Subject(s)
ISBN
9781848164192 (electronic bk.)
184816419X (electronic bk.)
9781848164185
1848164181
1283143356
9781283143356
9786613143358
6613143359
Digital File Characteristics
data file
Bibliography Note
Includes bibliographical references and index.
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