Shifting challenges: fifty years of economic change toward Black-White earnings equality -- Test-score trends along racial lines, 1971 to 1996: popular culture and community academic standards -- Can schools narrow the Black-White test score gap? -- Teachers' perceptions and expectations and the Black-White test score gap -- A diagnostic analysis of Black-White GPA disparities in Shaker Heights, Ohio -- What doesn't meet the eye: understanding and addressing racial disparities in high-achieving suburban schools -- Appendix: The Tripod Project -- Five challenges to effective teacher professional development -- Toward excellence with equity: the role of parenting and transformative school reform -- Conclusion: Urgency and possibility: a call for a national movement.