Actions for Deactivation and poisoning of fuel cell catalysts. Revision

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Deactivation and poisoning of fuel cell catalysts. Revision

Author
Ross, Jr, P. N.
Published
United States : [publisher not identified], 1985
Springfield, Va.: National Technical Information Service, [approximately 1985]
Physical Description
microfiche : negative ; 11 x 15 cm

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Summary
In this paper, we do not discuss the problems of catalyst deactivation in the fuel conditioning unit, since these are conventional catalysts and reactors that are covered by other papers. The discussion here is restricted to the unique aspects of catalysts in the electrical generating unit of fuel cells. Fuel cell catalysts suffer from deactivation and poisoning phenomena that are either identical to or strongly analogous to the processes which occur in heterogeneous catalysis. As in conventional catalytic reactors, fuel cell performance is degraded by poisoning from impurities, loss of surface area of noble metal, and physical deterioration of the catalyst structure. Unlike conventional catalytic reactors, where some catalyst regeneration capability is usually designed into the system, the fuel cell catalyst is an integral part of the physical structure of the electrical generator, and there are at present no designs which are able to employ catalyst regeneration. Therefore, catalyst deactivation and poisoning phenomena are even more serious technological problems in fuel cells than in conventional reactors. The deactivation and poisoning phenomena reviewed in detail in this paper are: the poisoning of anode (fuel electrode) catalyst by carbon monoxide; the deactivation of the cathode (air electrode) catalyst by loss of Pt dispersion; and the deactivation of the cathode by corrosion processes. The fuel cell technology discussed in the context of this phenomena is the phosphoric acid fuel cell. The operating conditions for this technology are typically 180 to 210/sup 0/C, 95 to 99% acid, and in pressurized versions 50 to 120 psig. 26 refs., 12 figs.
Report Numbers
DE86001982; LBL-19766-Rev.; CONF-850631-1-Rev.
Other Subject(s)
Collection
NTIS collection.
Note
DOE contract number: AC03-76SF00098
OSTI Identifier 5047744
Research organization: Lawrence Berkeley Lab., CA (USA).
View MARC record | catkey: 47359058