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Dimensions of crime as a social problem / edited by Robert Hartmann McNamara and Keith J. Bell

Published
Durham, N.C. : Carolina Academic Press, [2012]
Copyright Date
©2012
Physical Description
xv, 368 pages : illustrations ; 23 cm
Additional Creators
McNamara, Robert Hartmann and Bell, Keith J.

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Contents
Machine generated contents note: The Sociologist -- The Sociological Perspective -- Social Problems -- I.Crime -- ch. 1 Crime Prevention---What Works? / Keith J. Bell -- Program Overview -- Is Crime a Problem? -- Evaluation of What Works -- What Works! versus What Works? -- Lighting -- Street Design -- Educational and Awareness Programs -- Community Approaches -- Discussion -- Conclusion -- ch. 2 Juvenile Fire Starters / Robert Hartmann McNamara -- The Nature of the Problem -- Sociological Factors to Explain Fire Starting -- Psychological Factors to Explain Fire Starting -- A Profile of Fire Setters -- Curiosity Fire Setters -- Crisis Fire Setters -- Delinquent Fire Setters -- Intervention and Treatment Programs -- Community-Based Treatment and Education Programs -- Cognitive-Behavioral Treatment -- Residential Treatment -- Conclusion -- ch. 3 The Police in Society / Katherine Polzer -- Drugs and Crime -- The Drugs-Crime Relationships -- Extent of Drug Use -- Drug Laws and Drug Control Policy -- The Effects of Drugs and the Drug War -- Police Tools in the War on Drugs -- Source Control -- Interdiction -- Prosecution and Legislation -- Street-Level Law Enforcement -- Drug Task Forces -- Modern Goals of Drug Use Prevention -- Drug Use Prevention Programs -- Drug Use Prevention and the Police -- Deterring Drug Use -- Harms Reduction -- Summary -- II.Poverty and Inequalities -- ch. 4 The Criminalization of Welfare: A Historical and Contemporary Analysis of Social Control for the Crime of Poverty / Michael D. Gillespie -- Modern Social Welfare in the United States -- Welfare Reform: Ending Welfare as We Know It -- TANF and Criminal Justice: Declaring War on the Poor -- Patterns in the Criminalization of Welfare -- Blurring the Line between Welfare and Crime -- Summary -- ch. 5 Single Parent Families, Poverty, and Delinquency / Lisa T. Briggs -- A Historical Perspective on Single Parenthood -- Challenges of Single Parenthood -- Consequences of Single Parenthood -- The Divorced Parent -- The Step-Parent Family -- The Cohabitating Family -- The Never Married Parent -- Crime, Deviance, and Single Parenthood -- Teenage Parents -- Why Teens Have Babies -- Summary -- ch. 6 First American Rip-Off: The Price of Fringe Banking Convenience / Erin Lyttle Do -- Society's Poor -- Bank Deregulation and the Rise of Fringe Banking -- The Secondary Labor Market -- Does Minimum Wage Meet Minimum Needs? -- Title Loans -- Check Cashing Outlets -- Electronic Banking: Equal Opportunity or Digital Divide? -- Rent-to-Own -- Discussion -- III.Racial Inequalities -- ch. 7 African Americans and the Criminal Justice System / Charles Crawford -- African Americans and Crime -- Explaining Race, Crime, and Victimization -- African Americans and the Police -- Excessive Stopping and Racial Profiling -- Excessive and Deadly Force -- The Courts, Sentencing, and Punishment -- Presentencing -- Sentencing -- The War on Drugs -- Capital Punishment -- Summary -- ch. 8 Criminalization and Controversy: Arizona's New Immigration Law / Jacquelynn A. Doyon -- Immigration as "Historical" -- Immigration as "Problematic" -- The "Criminal" Immigrant -- Arizona's Senate Bill 1070: A Case Study -- Key Sections of SB 1070 -- State and Federal Positions on SB 1070 -- Criminalization and SB 1070 -- Public Opinion and SB 1070 -- Conclusion -- ch. 9 Racial Profiling: Good Police Work or Racism? / Robert H. McNamara -- Defining Profiling -- The History of Racial Profiling in Policing -- Organizational and Cultural Influences to Profiling -- The Evidence about Racial Profiling by Police -- Explaining Profiling Sociologically -- Theory to Practice -- Recruitment and Selection as Solutions to Racial Profiling -- The "New" Police Officer -- Education, Policing and Profiling -- Conclusion -- IV.Education -- ch. 10 The Relationship between Dropping Out of School and Incarceration / R. Kent Murray -- Defining the Dropout Rate -- School Dropout Statistics -- Why Are They Dropping Out? -- The Consequences of Dropping Out -- School Dropouts and Incarceration -- Other Factors Affect the School Dropout Crisis -- Potential Solutions for the Dropout Crisis -- Summary -- ch. 11 Bullying and Ostracism in School-Aged Youth / James Carpenter -- Defining Bullying -- Traditional Types of Bullying -- Roles Students Play in Bullying -- Prevalence and Impact of Traditional Bullying -- Impact of Bullying -- Cyberbullying -- Prevalence of Cyberbullying -- Sexting -- Prevalence of Sexting -- Ostracism: A Step beyond Bullying -- Impact of Ostracism -- Risk Factors Associated with Bullying and Ostracism -- Disabilities and Special Needs -- Chronic Medical Conditions -- Sexual Orientation -- Bullying, Ostracism and the Legal System -- The Challenge of Intervention -- Conclusion -- ch. 12 Higher Education and Crime in South Carolina / Maria Shelley -- Employment, Education, and Crime -- South Carolina and Higher Education -- Increase the Number of High School Graduates Who Are Well-Prepared for College -- Strengthen the Transition from High School to College -- Increase Higher Education Graduation Rates -- Increase Adult Participation in Higher Education -- Attract and Retain More Graduates -- Summary -- V.Gender and Crime -- ch. 13 Have Nice Girls Gone Bad? Social Constructionist Approach to the Rise in Female Violent Offenders / Gregory A. Lukasik -- Women, Crime, and the Media -- Trends in Female Crime -- Theoretical Explanations -- Normative Approach -- Constructionist Approach -- The Social Construction of Female Violence -- Institutional Change and the Rise of Violent Female Offender -- Domestic Violence: From Victim to Offender -- Gender and Violent Offending -- Gender and Robbery -- Female Gangs -- Conclusion -- ch. 14 Intimate Partner Violence: Gender and Violence / Paul M. Klenowski -- Gender Literature Debate -- Trends in Traditional Domestic Violence -- Traditional Theories of Domestic Violence -- Power Control Theory -- Social Learning Theory -- Male Victimization -- Gender, Attributes, and Statistics -- Recent Literature: A Look at Gender and Violence -- Physical Violence -- Psychological Perpetration -- Discussion -- Implications for Practice, Policy, and Research -- ch. 15 Female Gangs / Lesleigh Patton -- Defining Gang -- The Public's Definition -- The Law Enforcement Definition -- The Research Community's Definition -- The Social Distortion of Gangs -- Female Gangs -- Reasons for Joining Gangs -- Risk Factors and Female Gangs -- Child Maltreatment -- Poor Academic Performance -- Substance Abuse -- Peer Groups as Risk Factors -- Structural Factors -- Deindustrialization and the Job Market -- The Housing Crunch -- Public Education -- Poverty -- Criminal Activities of Female Gangs -- Conclusion -- VI.Sexuality and Crime -- ch. 16 An Overview of Hate Crimes / Gina Carreno -- Overview of Hate Crimes -- Definition -- How Hate Crimes Differ from Non-Bias Crimes -- Statistics -- Uniform Crime Reports -- National Coalition of Anti-Violence Programs -- Self-Report Surveys and Needs Assessments -- Causes of Hate Crimes -- Individual Characteristics -- Heterosexist Culture -- Experiences of Hate Crimes -- Who Is at Risk? -- Gender -- Location -- How Do Victims Determine if the Incident Was Motivated by Hate? -- Why Do Many Victims Not Report the Incident to Law Enforcement Authorities? -- Victim-Blame -- Secondary Victimization -- How Do Hate Crimes Affect Victims? -- How Do Hate Crimes Affect Society? -- Conclusion -- ch. 17 Human Trafficking / Brittany A. Smith -- Scope and Scale of the Problem -- Global Extent, Awareness and Response -- Sex Trafficking -- Child Labor, Forced Labor and Bonded Labor -- What Can Be Done? -- ch. 18 Registry Laws and Sex Offenders: A Review of the Literature / Amanda Gibbs Wagner -- Defining a Sex Offender -- Extent of Sex Offending in the United States -- Profile of Sex Offenders -- Addressing Sex Offenders through Legislation -- Consequences for Registered Sex Offenders -- Community Violence -- Incorrect Labeling -- Housing -- Commission of Additional Crimes -- Do Registry Laws Really Work? -- Discussion.
Subject(s)
ISBN
9781611630824 (pbk. : alk. paper)
1611630827 (pbk. : alk. paper)
Bibliography Note
Includes bibliographical references and index.
View MARC record | catkey: 8875809